Nanoporous Polymeric Membranes for Hydrogen Separation
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3 Why Membrane-Based Hydrogen Separation
In order to resolve these problems of the separation, it might be helpful to combine
the separation process with membrane technology (Castel and Favre 2018). There
are many types of methods, which are used to separate/purify hydrogen gas. Some
of them are membrane technology, pressure swing adsorption, chemical absorption, catalytic purification, metal hydride separation, and cryogenic separation, etc.
Membrane-based technology for H 2 separation/purification has attracted extensive
response due to characteristic benefits over other separation approaches (Pandey
and Chauhan 2001; Sridhar et al. 2014). The membrane-based separation process
is not only cost-effective but also environmentally friendly as well (Yampolskii
2012; Sanders et al. 2013). Except for membrane technology, all other mentioned
methods are not popular and also not cost-effective. Some of the advantages of the
membrane-based gas separation are mentioned below:
• Mechanical strength and durability
• Controlled pore shape and size
• Chemical stability
• Thermal stability
• Manufacturing reproducibility
• Space saving
• Low weight
• Flexibility
• Low energy consumption
• Easy to manufacture
• Easy to clean
• High potential of adaptability
• Low capital cost over other conventional separation methods.
Despite several advantages of the membrane-based gas separation, this process
suffers from a problem in the form of trade-off connection between selectivity and
permeability. So the control over selectivity and permeability of the gases is the main
goal for the membrane-based gas separation.
4 Gas Separation Mechanism
In the membrane-based separation process, gas molecules are separated by the difference in permeation rate of gas molecules. Adolph Fick gives the fundamental
law’s called “Fick’s law,” and it explains the basic mechanism of the gas diffusion or
permeation through the membrane (Denny Kamaruddin and Koros 1997). The gas
separation/permeation with the membrane is measured by the two key parameters
(1) diffusion coefficient (D) and (2) solubility coefficient (S) (Javaid 2005; Rahimpour 2017). Based on the membrane structure (pores and non-pores)/morphology
357
3 Why Membrane-Based Hydrogen Separation
In order to resolve these problems of the separation, it might be helpful to combine
the separation process with membrane technology (Castel and Favre 2018). There
are many types of methods, which are used to separate/purify hydrogen gas. Some
of them are membrane technology, pressure swing adsorption, chemical absorption, catalytic purification, metal hydride separation, and cryogenic separation, etc.
Membrane-based technology for H 2 separation/purification has attracted extensive
response due to characteristic benefits over other separation approaches (Pandey
and Chauhan 2001; Sridhar et al. 2014). The membrane-based separation process
is not only cost-effective but also environmentally friendly as well (Yampolskii
2012; Sanders et al. 2013). Except for membrane technology, all other mentioned
methods are not popular and also not cost-effective. Some of the advantages of the
membrane-based gas separation are mentioned below:
• Mechanical strength and durability
• Controlled pore shape and size
• Chemical stability
• Thermal stability
• Manufacturing reproducibility
• Space saving
• Low weight
• Flexibility
• Low energy consumption
• Easy to manufacture
• Easy to clean
• High potential of adaptability
• Low capital cost over other conventional separation methods.
Despite several advantages of the membrane-based gas separation, this process
suffers from a problem in the form of trade-off connection between selectivity and
permeability. So the control over selectivity and permeability of the gases is the main
goal for the membrane-based gas separation.
4 Gas Separation Mechanism
In the membrane-based separation process, gas molecules are separated by the difference in permeation rate of gas molecules. Adolph Fick gives the fundamental
law’s called “Fick’s law,” and it explains the basic mechanism of the gas diffusion or
permeation through the membrane (Denny Kamaruddin and Koros 1997). The gas
separation/permeation with the membrane is measured by the two key parameters
(1) diffusion coefficient (D) and (2) solubility coefficient (S) (Javaid 2005; Rahimpour 2017). Based on the membrane structure (pores and non-pores)/morphology