taxation of international shipping corporations has had a positive impact from an
overall tax revenue perspective given the modest level of international shipping
ownership and activity in Canada prior to the 1991 amendments to the Income Tax
Act. Lastly, it should be noted and emphasized that having international shipping
corporations situate in Canada brings with it other important benefits, including job
creation and international shipping industry knowledge and expertise. Such knowledge and expertise is arguably a key and necessary element to further development
of Canada’s shipping industry, internationally and domestically.
References
Literature and Other Sources
Brooks MR, Hodgson JR (2005) The fiscal treatment of shipping: a Canadian perspective on
shipping policy. In: Cullinane K (ed) Shipping economics. Elsevier, Amsterdam
Canada Revenue Agency (March 31 1993) External T.I. 9304475
Canada Revenue Agency. Summary Policy, September 3, 2003 (Revised November 23, 2005)
Elliott W (1994) Competitive edges: the politics of ports and shipping. In: Lamson C (ed) The Sea
has many voices: Oceans policy for a complex World. McGill-Queen’s University Press,
Montreal
European Commission (1997) Community guidelines on state aid to maritime transport, 97/C
205/05 5.07.1997
Hodgson JR, Brooks MR (2003) Recent developments in international shipping policy and their
implications for Canada, unpublished. http://maryrbrooks.ca/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/
HodgsonBrooksFinal.pdf
J. Seymour & Associates (1989) Vancouver, an International Centre for Maritime Commerce: Final
report. Asia Pacific Initiative Advisory Committee, Transportation Task Force
Jakobsen EW, Mellbye CS, Osman MS, Dyrstad EH (2017) The Leading Maritime Capitals of the
World 2017, Menon Publication No. 28/n.d.2017, p 35. https://www.menon.no/wp-content/
uploads/2017-28-LMC-report-revised.pdf
Minister of Finance, Explanatory Notes Relating to the Income Tax Act, Excise Tax Act, Excise
Act, 2001 and Related Legislation, October 2014. https://www.fin.gc.ca/drleg-apl/2014/bia-leboct20-1014-n-eng.asp
Monitor Deloitte, EU shipping competitiveness study: International benchmark analysis, February
2017.
https://www.ecsa.eu/sites/default/files/publications/2017-02-23-Deloitte-BenchmarkStudy-FULL%2D%2D-FINAL.pdf
Ref. no. CSP-S16. https://www.canada.ca/en/revenue-agency/services/charities-giving/charities/
policies-guidance/summary-policy-s16-substantially.html
Seaspan Corporation, Operating Fleet – https://www.seaspancorp.com/fleet-summary/operatingfleet/
Sullivan R (2008) Sullivan on the construction of statutes, 5th edn. LexisNexis, Markham
Teekay, Fleet – https://www.teekay.com/about-us/fleet/
Teekay Shipping (Canada) Ltd., Brief from Teekay Shipping (Canada) Ltd. (2011) http://www.
ourcommons.ca/Content/Committee/411/FINA/WebDoc/WD5138047/411_FINA_PBC2011_
Briefs/Teekay%20Shipping%20(Canada)%20Ltd%20E.html
Transport Canada (1985) Task force on Deep-Sea shipping: report to the Minister of Transport,
G.K. Sletmo, Chairman
Taxation and Ship Management: A Canadian Case Study
469
overall tax revenue perspective given the modest level of international shipping
ownership and activity in Canada prior to the 1991 amendments to the Income Tax
Act. Lastly, it should be noted and emphasized that having international shipping
corporations situate in Canada brings with it other important benefits, including job
creation and international shipping industry knowledge and expertise. Such knowledge and expertise is arguably a key and necessary element to further development
of Canada’s shipping industry, internationally and domestically.
References
Literature and Other Sources
Brooks MR, Hodgson JR (2005) The fiscal treatment of shipping: a Canadian perspective on
shipping policy. In: Cullinane K (ed) Shipping economics. Elsevier, Amsterdam
Canada Revenue Agency (March 31 1993) External T.I. 9304475
Canada Revenue Agency. Summary Policy, September 3, 2003 (Revised November 23, 2005)
Elliott W (1994) Competitive edges: the politics of ports and shipping. In: Lamson C (ed) The Sea
has many voices: Oceans policy for a complex World. McGill-Queen’s University Press,
Montreal
European Commission (1997) Community guidelines on state aid to maritime transport, 97/C
205/05 5.07.1997
Hodgson JR, Brooks MR (2003) Recent developments in international shipping policy and their
implications for Canada, unpublished. http://maryrbrooks.ca/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/
HodgsonBrooksFinal.pdf
J. Seymour & Associates (1989) Vancouver, an International Centre for Maritime Commerce: Final
report. Asia Pacific Initiative Advisory Committee, Transportation Task Force
Jakobsen EW, Mellbye CS, Osman MS, Dyrstad EH (2017) The Leading Maritime Capitals of the
World 2017, Menon Publication No. 28/n.d.2017, p 35. https://www.menon.no/wp-content/
uploads/2017-28-LMC-report-revised.pdf
Minister of Finance, Explanatory Notes Relating to the Income Tax Act, Excise Tax Act, Excise
Act, 2001 and Related Legislation, October 2014. https://www.fin.gc.ca/drleg-apl/2014/bia-leboct20-1014-n-eng.asp
Monitor Deloitte, EU shipping competitiveness study: International benchmark analysis, February
2017.
https://www.ecsa.eu/sites/default/files/publications/2017-02-23-Deloitte-BenchmarkStudy-FULL%2D%2D-FINAL.pdf
Ref. no. CSP-S16. https://www.canada.ca/en/revenue-agency/services/charities-giving/charities/
policies-guidance/summary-policy-s16-substantially.html
Seaspan Corporation, Operating Fleet – https://www.seaspancorp.com/fleet-summary/operatingfleet/
Sullivan R (2008) Sullivan on the construction of statutes, 5th edn. LexisNexis, Markham
Teekay, Fleet – https://www.teekay.com/about-us/fleet/
Teekay Shipping (Canada) Ltd., Brief from Teekay Shipping (Canada) Ltd. (2011) http://www.
ourcommons.ca/Content/Committee/411/FINA/WebDoc/WD5138047/411_FINA_PBC2011_
Briefs/Teekay%20Shipping%20(Canada)%20Ltd%20E.html
Transport Canada (1985) Task force on Deep-Sea shipping: report to the Minister of Transport,
G.K. Sletmo, Chairman
Taxation and Ship Management: A Canadian Case Study
469