Contents
xvii
13.10.3
80286 Microprocessor
548
13.10.4
MC68000 Microprocessor
549
13.11 32-Bit Microprocessors
551
13.11.1
80386 Microprocessor
551
13.11.2
MC68020 Microprocessor
553
13.11.3
MC68030 Microprocessor
554
13.11.4
80486 Microprocessor
555
13.11.5
PowerPC RISC Microprocessors
557
13.12 Pentium Series of Microprocessors
557
13.12.1
Salient Features
558
13.12.2
Pentium Pro Microprocessor
559
13.12.3
Pentium II Series
559
13.12.4
Pentium III and Pentium IV Microprocessors
559
13.12.5
Pentium M, D and Extreme Edition Processors
559
13.12.6
Celeron and Xeon Processors
560
13.13 Microprocessors for Embedded Applications
560
13.14 Peripheral Devices
560
13.14.1
Programmable Timer/Counter
561
13.14.2
Programmable Peripheral Interface
561
13.14.3
Programmable Interrupt Controller
561
13.14.4
DMA Controller
561
13.14.5
Programmable Communication Interface
562
13.14.6
Math Coprocessor
562
13.14.7
Programmable Keyboard/Display Interface
562
13.14.8
Programmable CRT Controller
562
13.14.9
Floppy Disk Controller
563
13.14.10 Clock Generator
563
13.14.11 Octal Bus Transceiver
563
Review Questions
563
Further Reading
564
14 Microcontrollers
565
14.1
Introduction to the Microcontroller
565
14.1.1
Applications
567
14.2
Inside the Microcontroller
567
14.2.1
Central Processing Unit (CPU)
568
14.2.2
Random Access Memory (RAM)
569
14.2.3
Read Only Memory (ROM)
569
14.2.4
Special-Function Registers
569
14.2.5
Peripheral Components
569
14.3
Microcontroller Architecture
574
14.3.1
Architecture to Access Memory
574
14.3.2
Mapping Special-Function Registers into Memory Space
576
14.3.3
Processor Architecture
577
14.4
Power-Saving Modes
579
14.5
Application-Relevant Information
580
14.5.1
Eight-Bit Microcontrollers
580
14.5.2
16-Bit Microcontrollers
588