3 The Evaluation of TM Atmospheric Deposition in Albania
49
probably derived from longe-range transport and local effect of wind blowing soil
dust fine particles. Cs showed also moderate and significant correlations (r = 0.4 −
0.6, p < 0.01) with As, Sb, Mo, Cr, Rb, Ba, Sr and Mn that probably indicate the
mixed origin mainly driven by both regional geochemistry and global atmospheric
deposition. The associations of Cs with As, Sb, Mo, and Cr probably indicate their
association as anthropogenic elements entrapped to soil dust particles in the air.
Several toxic metals and organic compounds are trapped to the fine particulate matter
(FPM) and transported in the environment as FPM.
References
Allajbeu S, Yushin NS, Lazo P, Qarri F, Duliu OG, Frontasyeva MV (2016) Atmospheric deposition
of rare earth elements in Albania studied by the moss biomonitoring technique neutron activation
analysis and GIS technology. Environ Sci Pollut Res 23:14087–14101. https://doi.org/10.1007/
s11356-016-6509-4
Allajbeu Sh, Qarri F, Marku E, Bekteshi L, Ibro V, Frontasyeva VM, Stafilov T, Lazo P (2017)
Contamination scale of atmospheric deposition for assessing air quality in Albania evaluated
from most toxic heavy metal and moss biomonitoring. Air Qual Atmos Health 10:587–599
ATSDR (2004) Toxilogical profile for strontium. CAS#: 7440-24-6. U.S. department of health and
human services. Public health service agency for toxic substances and disease registry. https://
www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxprofiles/tp159.pdf
ATSDR (2007) Toxicological profile for barium and barium compounds. CAS#: 7440-39-3. https://
www.atsdr.cdc.gov/ToxProfiles/tp24.pdf
Bekteshi L, Lazo P, Qarri F, Stafilov T (2015) Application of normalization process in the survey
of atmospheric deposition of heavy metals in Albania by using moss biomonitoring. Ecol Indic
56:48–59
Burger A, Lichtscheidl I (2019) Strontium in the environment: review about reactions of plants
towards stable and radioactive strontium isotopes. Sci Total Environ 653:1458–1512. https://doi.
org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.10.312
Cao X, Chen Y, Gu Z, Wang X (2000) Determination of trace rare earth elements in plant and soil
samples by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Int. J. Environ Anal Chem 76:295–
309. https://doi.org/10.1080/03067310008034137
EPA/600/R-12/572. EPA Office of Research and Development (2012) Revised rare earth elements:
a review of production, processing, recycling, and associated environmental issues. www.epa.
gov/ord
Harmens H, Norris D, Mills G (2013) Heavy metals and nitrogen in mosses: spatial patterns in
2010/2011 and long term temporal trends in Europe, ICP Vegetation Programme Coordination
Centre, Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Bangor, UK, p 63. http://icpvegetation.ceh.ac.uk.
Accessed 25 July 2013
Harmens H, Norris DA, Sharps K, Mills G, Alber R, Aleksiayenak Y, Blum O, Cucu-Man SM,
Dam M, De Temmerman L, Ene A, Fern andez J.A., Martinez-Abaigar J, Frontasyeva M, Godzik
B, Jeran Z, Lazo P, Leblond S, Liiv S Magnússon SH, Mankovska B, Pihl Karlsson G, Piispanen
J, Poikolainen J, SantamariaJM, Skudnik M, Spiric Z, Stafilov T, Steinnes E, Stihi C, Suchara
I, Thoni L, Todoran R, Yurukova L, Zechmeister HG (2015) Heavy metal and nitrogenconcentrations in mosses are declining across Europe whilst some “hotspots” remain in 2010. Environ
Pollut 200:93–104
Howe P, Malcolm H, Dobson S (2004) Manganese and its compounds: environmental aspects.
World Health Organization, Geneva, p 63. http://www.inchem.org/documents/cicads/cicads/cic
ad63.htm#1.0
49
probably derived from longe-range transport and local effect of wind blowing soil
dust fine particles. Cs showed also moderate and significant correlations (r = 0.4 −
0.6, p < 0.01) with As, Sb, Mo, Cr, Rb, Ba, Sr and Mn that probably indicate the
mixed origin mainly driven by both regional geochemistry and global atmospheric
deposition. The associations of Cs with As, Sb, Mo, and Cr probably indicate their
association as anthropogenic elements entrapped to soil dust particles in the air.
Several toxic metals and organic compounds are trapped to the fine particulate matter
(FPM) and transported in the environment as FPM.
References
Allajbeu S, Yushin NS, Lazo P, Qarri F, Duliu OG, Frontasyeva MV (2016) Atmospheric deposition
of rare earth elements in Albania studied by the moss biomonitoring technique neutron activation
analysis and GIS technology. Environ Sci Pollut Res 23:14087–14101. https://doi.org/10.1007/
s11356-016-6509-4
Allajbeu Sh, Qarri F, Marku E, Bekteshi L, Ibro V, Frontasyeva VM, Stafilov T, Lazo P (2017)
Contamination scale of atmospheric deposition for assessing air quality in Albania evaluated
from most toxic heavy metal and moss biomonitoring. Air Qual Atmos Health 10:587–599
ATSDR (2004) Toxilogical profile for strontium. CAS#: 7440-24-6. U.S. department of health and
human services. Public health service agency for toxic substances and disease registry. https://
www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxprofiles/tp159.pdf
ATSDR (2007) Toxicological profile for barium and barium compounds. CAS#: 7440-39-3. https://
www.atsdr.cdc.gov/ToxProfiles/tp24.pdf
Bekteshi L, Lazo P, Qarri F, Stafilov T (2015) Application of normalization process in the survey
of atmospheric deposition of heavy metals in Albania by using moss biomonitoring. Ecol Indic
56:48–59
Burger A, Lichtscheidl I (2019) Strontium in the environment: review about reactions of plants
towards stable and radioactive strontium isotopes. Sci Total Environ 653:1458–1512. https://doi.
org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.10.312
Cao X, Chen Y, Gu Z, Wang X (2000) Determination of trace rare earth elements in plant and soil
samples by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Int. J. Environ Anal Chem 76:295–
309. https://doi.org/10.1080/03067310008034137
EPA/600/R-12/572. EPA Office of Research and Development (2012) Revised rare earth elements:
a review of production, processing, recycling, and associated environmental issues. www.epa.
gov/ord
Harmens H, Norris D, Mills G (2013) Heavy metals and nitrogen in mosses: spatial patterns in
2010/2011 and long term temporal trends in Europe, ICP Vegetation Programme Coordination
Centre, Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Bangor, UK, p 63. http://icpvegetation.ceh.ac.uk.
Accessed 25 July 2013
Harmens H, Norris DA, Sharps K, Mills G, Alber R, Aleksiayenak Y, Blum O, Cucu-Man SM,
Dam M, De Temmerman L, Ene A, Fern andez J.A., Martinez-Abaigar J, Frontasyeva M, Godzik
B, Jeran Z, Lazo P, Leblond S, Liiv S Magnússon SH, Mankovska B, Pihl Karlsson G, Piispanen
J, Poikolainen J, SantamariaJM, Skudnik M, Spiric Z, Stafilov T, Steinnes E, Stihi C, Suchara
I, Thoni L, Todoran R, Yurukova L, Zechmeister HG (2015) Heavy metal and nitrogenconcentrations in mosses are declining across Europe whilst some “hotspots” remain in 2010. Environ
Pollut 200:93–104
Howe P, Malcolm H, Dobson S (2004) Manganese and its compounds: environmental aspects.
World Health Organization, Geneva, p 63. http://www.inchem.org/documents/cicads/cicads/cic
ad63.htm#1.0