compounds and also, it is expected that considering the recent advances in genetics,
proteomics, and metabolomics and novel detoxifying enzymes could be identified
and expressed into plants allowing the host plant to have a wider range of
phytoremediation capabilities. Even, phyto-technologies have contributed significantly to mitigate and control environmental pollution. Still, more research has to be
done and even many challenges have to overcome on the enhancement of pollution
uptake and decontamination process which is an important challenge for current
research.
References
Abhilash PC, Jamil S, Singh N (2009) Transgenic plants for enhanced biodegradation and
phytoremediation of organic xenobiotics. Biotechnol Adv 27(4):474–488
Agostini E, Coniglio MS, Milrad SR, Tigier HA, Giulietti AM (2003) Phytoremediation of
2, 4-dichlorophenol by Brassica napus hairy root cultures. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 37
(2):139–144
Agostini E, Talano MA, González PS, Oller ALW, Medina MI (2013) Application of hairy roots for
phytoremediation: what makes them an interesting tool for this purpose? Appl Microbiol
Biotechnol 97(3):1017–1030
Anees M, Qayyum A, Jamil M, Rehman FU, Abid M, Malik MS, Yunas M, Ullah K (2020) Role of
halotolerant and chitinolytic bacteria in phytoremediation of saline soil using spinach plant. Int J
Phytoremediation 22(6):653–661
Angelini VA, Agostini E, Medina MI, González PS (2014) Use of hairy roots extracts for 2, 4-DCP
removal and toxicity evaluation by Lactuca sativa test. Environ Sci Pollut Res 21(4):2531–2539
Annarao S, Sidhu OP, Roy R, Tuli R, Khetrapal CL (2008) Lipid profiling of developing Jatropha
curcas L. seeds using 1H NMR spectroscopy. Bioresour Technol 99(18):9032–9035
Arjmand M, Sandermann H Jr (1985) Metabolism of DDT and related compounds in cell suspension cultures of soybean (Glycine max L.) and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Pestic Biochem
Physiol 23(3):389–397
Bais HP, Weir TL, Perry LG, Gilroy S, Vivanco JM (2006) The role of root exudates in rhizosphere
interactions with plants and other organisms. Annu Rev Plant Biol 57:233–266
Betts KS (1998) Technology update: getting to the root phytoremediation. Environ Sci Technol 32
(1):22A–22A
Bhadra R, Wayment DG, Hughes JB, Shanks JV (1999) Confirmation of conjugation processes
during TNT metabolism by axenic plant roots. Environ Sci Technol 33(3):446–452
Bizani E, Fytianos K, Poulios I, Tsiridis V (2006) Photocatalytic decolorization and degradation of
dye solutions and wastewaters in the presence of titanium dioxide. J Hazard Mater 136(1):85–94
Boobalan S, Kamalanathan D (2020) Tailoring enhanced production of aervine in Aerva lanata (L.)
Juss. Ex Schult by Agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated hairy root cultures. Indus Crops Prod
155:112814
Boominathan R, Doran PM (2003) Cadmium tolerance and antioxidative defenses in hairy roots of
the cadmium hyperaccumulator, Thlaspi caerulescens. Biotechnol Bioeng 83(2):158–167
Boominathan R, Saha Chaudhury NM, Sahajwalla V, Pauline MD (2004) Production of nickel bioore from hyperaccumulator plant biomass: applications in phytomining. 86:243–250
Chandra S (2012) Natural plant genetic engineer Agrobacterium rhizogenes: role of T-DNA in plant
secondary metabolism. Biotechnol Lett 34(3):407–415
Chandra S, Chandra S (2011) Engineering secondary metabolite production in hairy roots.
Phytochem Rev 10:371–395
42
A. K. Moola et al.
proteomics, and metabolomics and novel detoxifying enzymes could be identified
and expressed into plants allowing the host plant to have a wider range of
phytoremediation capabilities. Even, phyto-technologies have contributed significantly to mitigate and control environmental pollution. Still, more research has to be
done and even many challenges have to overcome on the enhancement of pollution
uptake and decontamination process which is an important challenge for current
research.
References
Abhilash PC, Jamil S, Singh N (2009) Transgenic plants for enhanced biodegradation and
phytoremediation of organic xenobiotics. Biotechnol Adv 27(4):474–488
Agostini E, Coniglio MS, Milrad SR, Tigier HA, Giulietti AM (2003) Phytoremediation of
2, 4-dichlorophenol by Brassica napus hairy root cultures. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 37
(2):139–144
Agostini E, Talano MA, González PS, Oller ALW, Medina MI (2013) Application of hairy roots for
phytoremediation: what makes them an interesting tool for this purpose? Appl Microbiol
Biotechnol 97(3):1017–1030
Anees M, Qayyum A, Jamil M, Rehman FU, Abid M, Malik MS, Yunas M, Ullah K (2020) Role of
halotolerant and chitinolytic bacteria in phytoremediation of saline soil using spinach plant. Int J
Phytoremediation 22(6):653–661
Angelini VA, Agostini E, Medina MI, González PS (2014) Use of hairy roots extracts for 2, 4-DCP
removal and toxicity evaluation by Lactuca sativa test. Environ Sci Pollut Res 21(4):2531–2539
Annarao S, Sidhu OP, Roy R, Tuli R, Khetrapal CL (2008) Lipid profiling of developing Jatropha
curcas L. seeds using 1H NMR spectroscopy. Bioresour Technol 99(18):9032–9035
Arjmand M, Sandermann H Jr (1985) Metabolism of DDT and related compounds in cell suspension cultures of soybean (Glycine max L.) and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Pestic Biochem
Physiol 23(3):389–397
Bais HP, Weir TL, Perry LG, Gilroy S, Vivanco JM (2006) The role of root exudates in rhizosphere
interactions with plants and other organisms. Annu Rev Plant Biol 57:233–266
Betts KS (1998) Technology update: getting to the root phytoremediation. Environ Sci Technol 32
(1):22A–22A
Bhadra R, Wayment DG, Hughes JB, Shanks JV (1999) Confirmation of conjugation processes
during TNT metabolism by axenic plant roots. Environ Sci Technol 33(3):446–452
Bizani E, Fytianos K, Poulios I, Tsiridis V (2006) Photocatalytic decolorization and degradation of
dye solutions and wastewaters in the presence of titanium dioxide. J Hazard Mater 136(1):85–94
Boobalan S, Kamalanathan D (2020) Tailoring enhanced production of aervine in Aerva lanata (L.)
Juss. Ex Schult by Agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated hairy root cultures. Indus Crops Prod
155:112814
Boominathan R, Doran PM (2003) Cadmium tolerance and antioxidative defenses in hairy roots of
the cadmium hyperaccumulator, Thlaspi caerulescens. Biotechnol Bioeng 83(2):158–167
Boominathan R, Saha Chaudhury NM, Sahajwalla V, Pauline MD (2004) Production of nickel bioore from hyperaccumulator plant biomass: applications in phytomining. 86:243–250
Chandra S (2012) Natural plant genetic engineer Agrobacterium rhizogenes: role of T-DNA in plant
secondary metabolism. Biotechnol Lett 34(3):407–415
Chandra S, Chandra S (2011) Engineering secondary metabolite production in hairy roots.
Phytochem Rev 10:371–395
42
A. K. Moola et al.