Algal heavy metal uptake mechanism (cont.)
extracellular macromolecules, 280
extracellular polymeric substances, 279
metal ions adsorption, 280
negatively charged macromolecules, 280
passive binding, 280
passive uptake, 279
PCs, 280
Alkaloids and nitrogen-containing
chemicals, 97
Allelochemical-based natural herbicides, 110
Allelochemicals
action mechanism, 98, 103, 104, 110
biodegradable, 94
bioherbicide (see Bioherbicides)
biosynthetic pathways, 97, 99
capabilities, 95
carbon skeleton and functional groups, 97
categories, 96
chemical structures, 104
compound, 96
definition, 94
environmental and genetic
characteristics, 95
inhibitors, 105, 106
phenolic compounds, 97
photosynthesis and respiration, 104
polyphenols, 97
production affecting factors
environmental factors, 102, 103
genetic factors, 101, 102
release methods
conditions, 100
decomposition, 101
leading, 100
pollen allelopathy, 101
root exudation, 101
volatilization, 100
secondary metabolites, 97
synthesized, 95
Allelopathic crops
cover crops, 105, 107
crop rotation, 105
growth and development, 105
intercropping, 105
Allelopathic effect, 95
Allelopathic genetic traits, 108, 109
Allelopathic plant species, 110
Allelopathic plants, 94
Allelopathins, 104
Allelopathy
allelochemicals, 103
application, 94
biochemical/physiological process, 95
chemicals, 96
crop plants, 107
ecological tool, 94
environmental factors, 102
genes regulating, 108
genetic control, 109
high-throughput analytical techniques, 110
organic agriculture, 95
pathways, 103
polygenic, 102
properties, 101
quantitative trait, 108
weed management, 107
Allopathic research, 110
Aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES), 80
Aminopyrine N-demethylase, 205
Ammonium persulfate (APS), 70
Anaerobic-aerobic process, 229
Anaerobic biodegradation, 209, 210, 230
Annual rainfall, 397
Anthropogenic emissions, 320, 331
Anti-scaling materials, 81
Aprotic ionic liquids, 57
Aquaglyceroporin (GLpF), 248
Aquatic angiosperm diversity in India
biodiversity study, 311
ecological features, 311
Gujarat, 311
morphology, 311
seasonal and monthly variation, 312
services, 311
vegetation, 311
warm and arid zone, 311
water resources, 311
Aquatic angiosperm diversity in Wetland
aquatic macrophytes distribution, 310
common occurrence, 312, 313
ecosystems, 316–318
flora and fauna, 309
free floating macrophytes, 312
India, 311–312
Aquatic biodiversity
aquatic plants, 317
artificial and natural alteration, 318
biological productivity, 317
conservation approaches, 318
dams and barrages, 317
eco-sensitive and socio-economic
system, 316
fresh and marine, 318
freshwater ecosystems, 317
habitats, 317
432
Index
extracellular macromolecules, 280
extracellular polymeric substances, 279
metal ions adsorption, 280
negatively charged macromolecules, 280
passive binding, 280
passive uptake, 279
PCs, 280
Alkaloids and nitrogen-containing
chemicals, 97
Allelochemical-based natural herbicides, 110
Allelochemicals
action mechanism, 98, 103, 104, 110
biodegradable, 94
bioherbicide (see Bioherbicides)
biosynthetic pathways, 97, 99
capabilities, 95
carbon skeleton and functional groups, 97
categories, 96
chemical structures, 104
compound, 96
definition, 94
environmental and genetic
characteristics, 95
inhibitors, 105, 106
phenolic compounds, 97
photosynthesis and respiration, 104
polyphenols, 97
production affecting factors
environmental factors, 102, 103
genetic factors, 101, 102
release methods
conditions, 100
decomposition, 101
leading, 100
pollen allelopathy, 101
root exudation, 101
volatilization, 100
secondary metabolites, 97
synthesized, 95
Allelopathic crops
cover crops, 105, 107
crop rotation, 105
growth and development, 105
intercropping, 105
Allelopathic effect, 95
Allelopathic genetic traits, 108, 109
Allelopathic plant species, 110
Allelopathic plants, 94
Allelopathins, 104
Allelopathy
allelochemicals, 103
application, 94
biochemical/physiological process, 95
chemicals, 96
crop plants, 107
ecological tool, 94
environmental factors, 102
genes regulating, 108
genetic control, 109
high-throughput analytical techniques, 110
organic agriculture, 95
pathways, 103
polygenic, 102
properties, 101
quantitative trait, 108
weed management, 107
Allopathic research, 110
Aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES), 80
Aminopyrine N-demethylase, 205
Ammonium persulfate (APS), 70
Anaerobic-aerobic process, 229
Anaerobic biodegradation, 209, 210, 230
Annual rainfall, 397
Anthropogenic emissions, 320, 331
Anti-scaling materials, 81
Aprotic ionic liquids, 57
Aquaglyceroporin (GLpF), 248
Aquatic angiosperm diversity in India
biodiversity study, 311
ecological features, 311
Gujarat, 311
morphology, 311
seasonal and monthly variation, 312
services, 311
vegetation, 311
warm and arid zone, 311
water resources, 311
Aquatic angiosperm diversity in Wetland
aquatic macrophytes distribution, 310
common occurrence, 312, 313
ecosystems, 316–318
flora and fauna, 309
free floating macrophytes, 312
India, 311–312
Aquatic biodiversity
aquatic plants, 317
artificial and natural alteration, 318
biological productivity, 317
conservation approaches, 318
dams and barrages, 317
eco-sensitive and socio-economic
system, 316
fresh and marine, 318
freshwater ecosystems, 317
habitats, 317
432
Index