including pH, initial concentration, contact time, temperature, and biomass dosage.
Biomass has been found as a natural source containing different functional sites,
with the ability for adsorption of metal ions. There is still a challenge for specific
adsorption due to the heterogeneity of the cell fungal surface. More studies should be
carried out for a better understanding of heavy metal removal by biosorption
processes.
Conflict of Interest The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest regarding the publication of this manuscript.
References
Ahemad M, Kibret M (2013) Recent trends in microbial biosorption of heavy metals: a review.
Biochem Mol Biol 1:19–26. https://doi.org/10.12966/bmb.06.02.2013
Aksu Z, Kılıç NK, Ertuğrul S, Dönmez G (2007) Inhibitory effects of chromium (VI) and Remazol
Black B on chromium (VI) and dyestuff removals by Trametes versicolor. Enzyme Microb
Technol 40:1167–1174
Alothman ZA, Bahkali AH, Khiyami MA, Alfadul SM, Wabaidur SM, Alam M, Alfarhan BZ
(2019) Low-cost biosorbents from fungi for heavy metals removal from wastewater. Sep Sci
Technol:1–10
Alpat S, Alpat SK, Çadirci BH, Özbayrak Ö, Yasa İ (2010) Effects of biosorption parameter:
kinetics, isotherm and thermodynamics for Ni (II) biosorption from aqueous solution by
Circinella sp. Electron J Biotechnol 13:4–5
Aly MM, Alzahrani N, Amashah RH, Jastaniah SD (2018) Bioremediation of hazardous heavy
metals from solutions or soil using living or dead microbial biomass. J Pharm Biol Sci 13:75–80
Amini M, Younesi H (2009) Biosorption of Cd(II), Ni(II) and Pb(II) from aqueous solution by dried
biomass of Aspergillus niger: application of response surface methodology to the optimization
of process parameters. Clean Soil Air Water 37:776–786
Anahid S, Yaghmaei S, Ghobadinejad Z (2011) Heavy metal tolerance of fungi. Sci Iran
18:502–508
Asgher M (2012) Biosorption of reactive dyes: a review. Water Air Soil Pollut 223:2417–2435
Asiriuwa OD, Ikhuoria JU, Ilor EG (2013) Myco-remediation potential of heavy metals from
contaminated soil. Bull Environ Pharmacol Life Sci 2:16–22
Ayangbenro AS, Babalola OO (2017) A new strategy for heavy metal polluted environments: a
review of microbial biosorbents. Int J Env Res Pub He 14:1504
Aytar PNAR, Gedikli SERAP, Buruk YELIZ, Cabuk A, Burnak N (2014) Lead and nickel
biosorption with a fungal biomass isolated from metal mine drainage: box–Behnken experimental design. Int J Environ Sci Technol 11:1631–1640
Bahafid W, Joutey NT, Asri M, Sayel H, Tirry N, Ghachtouli NE (2017) Yeast biomass: an
alternative for bioremediation of heavy metals. In: Morata A, Loira I (eds) Yeast – industrial
applications. IntechOpen, Rijeka. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.70559
Bahobil A, Bayoumi RA, Atta HM, El-Sehrawey MM (2017) Fungal biosorption for cadmium and
mercury heavy metal ions isolated from some polluted localities in KSA. Int J Curr Microbiol
Appl Sci 6:2138–2154
Baldrian P (2003) Interactions of heavy metals with white-rot fungi. Enzyme Microb Technol
32:78–91
Bellion M, Courbot M, Jacob C, Blaudez D, Chalot M (2006) Extracellular and cellular mechanisms sustaining metal tolerance in ectomycorrhizal fungi. FEMS Microbiol Lett 254:173–181
17 Mycoremediation: Fungal-Based Technology for Biosorption of Heavy Metals. . .
369
Biomass has been found as a natural source containing different functional sites,
with the ability for adsorption of metal ions. There is still a challenge for specific
adsorption due to the heterogeneity of the cell fungal surface. More studies should be
carried out for a better understanding of heavy metal removal by biosorption
processes.
Conflict of Interest The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest regarding the publication of this manuscript.
References
Ahemad M, Kibret M (2013) Recent trends in microbial biosorption of heavy metals: a review.
Biochem Mol Biol 1:19–26. https://doi.org/10.12966/bmb.06.02.2013
Aksu Z, Kılıç NK, Ertuğrul S, Dönmez G (2007) Inhibitory effects of chromium (VI) and Remazol
Black B on chromium (VI) and dyestuff removals by Trametes versicolor. Enzyme Microb
Technol 40:1167–1174
Alothman ZA, Bahkali AH, Khiyami MA, Alfadul SM, Wabaidur SM, Alam M, Alfarhan BZ
(2019) Low-cost biosorbents from fungi for heavy metals removal from wastewater. Sep Sci
Technol:1–10
Alpat S, Alpat SK, Çadirci BH, Özbayrak Ö, Yasa İ (2010) Effects of biosorption parameter:
kinetics, isotherm and thermodynamics for Ni (II) biosorption from aqueous solution by
Circinella sp. Electron J Biotechnol 13:4–5
Aly MM, Alzahrani N, Amashah RH, Jastaniah SD (2018) Bioremediation of hazardous heavy
metals from solutions or soil using living or dead microbial biomass. J Pharm Biol Sci 13:75–80
Amini M, Younesi H (2009) Biosorption of Cd(II), Ni(II) and Pb(II) from aqueous solution by dried
biomass of Aspergillus niger: application of response surface methodology to the optimization
of process parameters. Clean Soil Air Water 37:776–786
Anahid S, Yaghmaei S, Ghobadinejad Z (2011) Heavy metal tolerance of fungi. Sci Iran
18:502–508
Asgher M (2012) Biosorption of reactive dyes: a review. Water Air Soil Pollut 223:2417–2435
Asiriuwa OD, Ikhuoria JU, Ilor EG (2013) Myco-remediation potential of heavy metals from
contaminated soil. Bull Environ Pharmacol Life Sci 2:16–22
Ayangbenro AS, Babalola OO (2017) A new strategy for heavy metal polluted environments: a
review of microbial biosorbents. Int J Env Res Pub He 14:1504
Aytar PNAR, Gedikli SERAP, Buruk YELIZ, Cabuk A, Burnak N (2014) Lead and nickel
biosorption with a fungal biomass isolated from metal mine drainage: box–Behnken experimental design. Int J Environ Sci Technol 11:1631–1640
Bahafid W, Joutey NT, Asri M, Sayel H, Tirry N, Ghachtouli NE (2017) Yeast biomass: an
alternative for bioremediation of heavy metals. In: Morata A, Loira I (eds) Yeast – industrial
applications. IntechOpen, Rijeka. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.70559
Bahobil A, Bayoumi RA, Atta HM, El-Sehrawey MM (2017) Fungal biosorption for cadmium and
mercury heavy metal ions isolated from some polluted localities in KSA. Int J Curr Microbiol
Appl Sci 6:2138–2154
Baldrian P (2003) Interactions of heavy metals with white-rot fungi. Enzyme Microb Technol
32:78–91
Bellion M, Courbot M, Jacob C, Blaudez D, Chalot M (2006) Extracellular and cellular mechanisms sustaining metal tolerance in ectomycorrhizal fungi. FEMS Microbiol Lett 254:173–181
17 Mycoremediation: Fungal-Based Technology for Biosorption of Heavy Metals. . .
369