Chapter 11
Modern Bioremediation Approaches
for Clean and Green Environment
Ankita Murmu and Murugan Sevanan
Abstract Environmental problems are grave concern to humans and other living
organisms. These problems include contamination of soil, water, and air with
harmful chemicals. Due to undesirable human activities, the environment is deteriorating, thereby imposing risk on natural resources. The planet Earth is believed to
be rich in its natural resources, which are depleting due to toxic contaminants. In the
recent past, the fight against environmental pollution has become a crucial challenge
worldwide. In this modern world, a cost-effective and environment friendly
approach towards sustainability remains the need of the hour. Bioremediation has
proved to be one of the most promising technologies for the elimination of harmful
pollutants. Chemical and physical methods of remediation have not been proved to
be much effective like the bioremediation technique. Bioremediation has been
proved to be safer, cleaner, and economical, which makes it the most desirable
solution for a clean environment. To date, researchers around the world have looked
upon various approaches to enhance bioremediation techniques. This chapter discusses the modern bioremediation approaches which have been used to deal with
environmental issues.
Keywords Environmental pollution · Bioremediation · Biological methods · Green
environment
1 Introduction
One of the major issues from the past few decades is the environmental pollution,
which has affected the overall ecosystem creating imbalance. According to the
World Health Organization (WHO), nine out of ten people breath air having very
harmful pollutants, leading to 4.2 million deaths every year (Samuel et al. 2019,
A. Murmu · M. Sevanan (*)
Department of Biotechnology, School of Agriculture and Biosciences, Karunya Institute of
Technology and Sciences (Deemed to be University), Coimbatore, India
© The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021
J. Aravind et al. (eds.), Strategies and Tools for Pollutant Mitigation,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63575-6_11
221
Modern Bioremediation Approaches
for Clean and Green Environment
Ankita Murmu and Murugan Sevanan
Abstract Environmental problems are grave concern to humans and other living
organisms. These problems include contamination of soil, water, and air with
harmful chemicals. Due to undesirable human activities, the environment is deteriorating, thereby imposing risk on natural resources. The planet Earth is believed to
be rich in its natural resources, which are depleting due to toxic contaminants. In the
recent past, the fight against environmental pollution has become a crucial challenge
worldwide. In this modern world, a cost-effective and environment friendly
approach towards sustainability remains the need of the hour. Bioremediation has
proved to be one of the most promising technologies for the elimination of harmful
pollutants. Chemical and physical methods of remediation have not been proved to
be much effective like the bioremediation technique. Bioremediation has been
proved to be safer, cleaner, and economical, which makes it the most desirable
solution for a clean environment. To date, researchers around the world have looked
upon various approaches to enhance bioremediation techniques. This chapter discusses the modern bioremediation approaches which have been used to deal with
environmental issues.
Keywords Environmental pollution · Bioremediation · Biological methods · Green
environment
1 Introduction
One of the major issues from the past few decades is the environmental pollution,
which has affected the overall ecosystem creating imbalance. According to the
World Health Organization (WHO), nine out of ten people breath air having very
harmful pollutants, leading to 4.2 million deaths every year (Samuel et al. 2019,
A. Murmu · M. Sevanan (*)
Department of Biotechnology, School of Agriculture and Biosciences, Karunya Institute of
Technology and Sciences (Deemed to be University), Coimbatore, India
© The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021
J. Aravind et al. (eds.), Strategies and Tools for Pollutant Mitigation,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63575-6_11
221