extremely harsh conditions and their ability to metabolize and detoxify or degrade or
biotransform the pollutants.
4 Types of Bioremediation
Biological methods are found to be efficient for the removal of dyes from the
effluents. Bioremediation of pollutants involves one or a combination of many
processes such as diffusion of material between cell wall and liquid phase,
biosorption of dye particles onto the cell wall, precipitation, complexation, and
oxidation-reduction reactions (Joutey et al. 2015; Avery and Tobin 1993; Brady
and Duncan 1994; Krauter et al. 1996; Veglio and Beolchini 1997). Bioremediation
Table 9.3 Studies on bioremediation of dyes using algae
S.
No. Microorganism name
Dyes studied
References
1
Cosmarium species
Malachite green
Daneshvar et al. (2006)
2
Chara sp.
Malachite green
Khataee et al. (2010a, b)
3
Chlorella vulgaris,
Elkatothrix viridis, Volvox
aureus
Methyl red, orange II, G-red
(FN-3G), basic cationic, basic
fuchsin
El-Sheekh et al. (2009)
4
Sargassum horneri
Malachite green
Angelova et al. (2016)
5
Cladophora sp.
Malachite green
Khataee and Dehghan
(2011)
6
Chlorella, Cosmarium,
Euglena species
Malachite green (MG)
Khataee et al. (2010a, b)
7
Caulerpa scalpelliformis
Basic yellow
Aravindhan et al. (2007)
8
Pithophora sp.
Malachite green
Kumar et al. (2006)
9
Daphnia magna
Cibacron blue 3GA
Bayramoglu et al.
(2019)
10
Chlorella vulgaris
Congo red (CR)
Hernández-Zamora
et al. (2015)
11
Filamentous algae (AAC) Basic blue 41 (BB 41)
Afshin et al. (2018)
12
Spirulina platensis
microalgae (SP)
Reactive red 120 (RR-120)
Cardoso et al. (2012)
13
Ulva lactuca
Basic blue 9
El Sikaily et al. (2006)
14
U. lactuca
Direct yellow 12
El Nemr et al. (2006)
15
Spirogyra
Direct Brown 2-Diazo
Mohan and Karthikeyan
(2000)
16
Sargassum wightii
Methylene blue (MB)
Kumar et al. (2015)
17
Sargassum oligocystum
Methylene blue (MB) and methyl
violet (MV)
Foroutan et al. (2019)
18
Ulva intestinalis
Methyl orange
Poorni et al. (2020)
19
Pithophora sp
Malachite green
Kumar et al. (2006),
20
Nitzschia perminuta
Tartrazine, Ponceau ss
Omar (2008).
9 Removal of Dyes From Industrial Effluents Using Bioremediation Technique
181
biotransform the pollutants.
4 Types of Bioremediation
Biological methods are found to be efficient for the removal of dyes from the
effluents. Bioremediation of pollutants involves one or a combination of many
processes such as diffusion of material between cell wall and liquid phase,
biosorption of dye particles onto the cell wall, precipitation, complexation, and
oxidation-reduction reactions (Joutey et al. 2015; Avery and Tobin 1993; Brady
and Duncan 1994; Krauter et al. 1996; Veglio and Beolchini 1997). Bioremediation
Table 9.3 Studies on bioremediation of dyes using algae
S.
No. Microorganism name
Dyes studied
References
1
Cosmarium species
Malachite green
Daneshvar et al. (2006)
2
Chara sp.
Malachite green
Khataee et al. (2010a, b)
3
Chlorella vulgaris,
Elkatothrix viridis, Volvox
aureus
Methyl red, orange II, G-red
(FN-3G), basic cationic, basic
fuchsin
El-Sheekh et al. (2009)
4
Sargassum horneri
Malachite green
Angelova et al. (2016)
5
Cladophora sp.
Malachite green
Khataee and Dehghan
(2011)
6
Chlorella, Cosmarium,
Euglena species
Malachite green (MG)
Khataee et al. (2010a, b)
7
Caulerpa scalpelliformis
Basic yellow
Aravindhan et al. (2007)
8
Pithophora sp.
Malachite green
Kumar et al. (2006)
9
Daphnia magna
Cibacron blue 3GA
Bayramoglu et al.
(2019)
10
Chlorella vulgaris
Congo red (CR)
Hernández-Zamora
et al. (2015)
11
Filamentous algae (AAC) Basic blue 41 (BB 41)
Afshin et al. (2018)
12
Spirulina platensis
microalgae (SP)
Reactive red 120 (RR-120)
Cardoso et al. (2012)
13
Ulva lactuca
Basic blue 9
El Sikaily et al. (2006)
14
U. lactuca
Direct yellow 12
El Nemr et al. (2006)
15
Spirogyra
Direct Brown 2-Diazo
Mohan and Karthikeyan
(2000)
16
Sargassum wightii
Methylene blue (MB)
Kumar et al. (2015)
17
Sargassum oligocystum
Methylene blue (MB) and methyl
violet (MV)
Foroutan et al. (2019)
18
Ulva intestinalis
Methyl orange
Poorni et al. (2020)
19
Pithophora sp
Malachite green
Kumar et al. (2006),
20
Nitzschia perminuta
Tartrazine, Ponceau ss
Omar (2008).
9 Removal of Dyes From Industrial Effluents Using Bioremediation Technique
181