Table 2.1 The INDC targets and countermeasures of China, Japan, and South Korea
China
Japan
South Korea
Target
• To lower carbon dioxide emissions per unit of
GDP by 60% to 65%
from the 2005 level
• To achieve the peaking
of carbon dioxide emissions around 2030 and
making best efforts to
peak early
• To increase the share of
non-fossil fuels in primary energy consumption to around 20%
• To increase the forest
stock volume by around
4.5 billion cubic meters
on the 2005 level
• At the level of a
reduction of 26.0% by
fiscal year (FY) 2030
(1.042 billion t-CO2 eq)
compared to FY 2013,
25.4% reduction compared to FY 2005
• Aiming at a 35%
increase in energy efficiency by 2030
• The ratio of renewable
energy within the total
electric power generated
will be around 22–24%,
and the ratio of nuclear
power will be around
20–22% (solar is
expected to increase 7Â
and wind/geothermal
energy 4Â from the current level) in 2030
• 37% reduction from
the business-as-usual
(BAU,
850.6MtCO2eq) level
by 2030
• One-third of total
reductions depend on
international carbon
markets
• Other sectors will
offset the industrial
sector mitigation
Scope (sectors
and gases)
Sectors:
1.
Energy
2.
Industrial processes and
product use
3.
Agriculture
4.
Land use, land-use
change, and forestry
(LULUCF)
5.
Waste
Gases: CO 2 , CH 4 , N 2 O,
HFCs, PFCs, SF 6 , and
NF 3
Sectors:
1.
Energy
(a)
Fuel combustion
(b)
Fugitive emissions from
fuels
(c)
CO2 transport and storage
2.
Industrial processes and
product use
3.
Agriculture
4.
LULUCF
5. Waste
Gases: CO 2 , CH 4 , N 2 O,
HFCs, PFCs, SF 6 , and
NF 3
Sectors:
1.
Energy
2.
Industrial processes
and product use
3.
Agriculture
4.
Waste
Gases: CO 2 , CH 4 ,
N 2 O, HFCs, PFCs,
SF 6 , and NF 3
Main
countermeasures
• Implementing national
and regional strategies
• Building low-carbon
energy system and
energy efficient and
low-carbon industrial
system
• Energy policies and the
energy mix
• Developing the Plan
for Global Warming
Countermeasures
• Removals by LULUCF
• Industrial sector: the
GHG and Energy
Target Management
System (TMS); a
nationwide emissions
trading scheme
• Building sector:
(continued)
2 Climate Change Strategy and Emission Reduction Roadmap for China, Japan, and. . .
55
China
Japan
South Korea
Target
• To lower carbon dioxide emissions per unit of
GDP by 60% to 65%
from the 2005 level
• To achieve the peaking
of carbon dioxide emissions around 2030 and
making best efforts to
peak early
• To increase the share of
non-fossil fuels in primary energy consumption to around 20%
• To increase the forest
stock volume by around
4.5 billion cubic meters
on the 2005 level
• At the level of a
reduction of 26.0% by
fiscal year (FY) 2030
(1.042 billion t-CO2 eq)
compared to FY 2013,
25.4% reduction compared to FY 2005
• Aiming at a 35%
increase in energy efficiency by 2030
• The ratio of renewable
energy within the total
electric power generated
will be around 22–24%,
and the ratio of nuclear
power will be around
20–22% (solar is
expected to increase 7Â
and wind/geothermal
energy 4Â from the current level) in 2030
• 37% reduction from
the business-as-usual
(BAU,
850.6MtCO2eq) level
by 2030
• One-third of total
reductions depend on
international carbon
markets
• Other sectors will
offset the industrial
sector mitigation
Scope (sectors
and gases)
Sectors:
1.
Energy
2.
Industrial processes and
product use
3.
Agriculture
4.
Land use, land-use
change, and forestry
(LULUCF)
5.
Waste
Gases: CO 2 , CH 4 , N 2 O,
HFCs, PFCs, SF 6 , and
NF 3
Sectors:
1.
Energy
(a)
Fuel combustion
(b)
Fugitive emissions from
fuels
(c)
CO2 transport and storage
2.
Industrial processes and
product use
3.
Agriculture
4.
LULUCF
5. Waste
Gases: CO 2 , CH 4 , N 2 O,
HFCs, PFCs, SF 6 , and
NF 3
Sectors:
1.
Energy
2.
Industrial processes
and product use
3.
Agriculture
4.
Waste
Gases: CO 2 , CH 4 ,
N 2 O, HFCs, PFCs,
SF 6 , and NF 3
Main
countermeasures
• Implementing national
and regional strategies
• Building low-carbon
energy system and
energy efficient and
low-carbon industrial
system
• Energy policies and the
energy mix
• Developing the Plan
for Global Warming
Countermeasures
• Removals by LULUCF
• Industrial sector: the
GHG and Energy
Target Management
System (TMS); a
nationwide emissions
trading scheme
• Building sector:
(continued)
2 Climate Change Strategy and Emission Reduction Roadmap for China, Japan, and. . .
55