160
7 Liquid Crystals
Cases with small head groups formally correspond to v/al > 1. This situation
can be discussed by the interchanging roles of two parts in a molecule. For example,
water is confined in a central part of a rod-shaped micelle in the inverse hexagonal
phase and water channel inside rods of jungle gyms in the inverse bicontinuous cubic
phase.
General understanding briefly described above is the same in polymers [22].
However, there exists a significant difference. In the case of polymers, the length scale
of various organizations is much larger than that of a monomer. A quantity primarily
controlling a way of organization is the relative composition of components. The
shape of monomers hardly plays any role.
References
1. J.W. Goodby, P.J. Collings, T. Kato, C. Tschierske, H.F. Gleeson, P. Raynes (eds.), Handbook
of Liquid Crystals (Wiley, Weinheim, 2014)
2. C.W. Oseen, Trans. Faraday Soc. 29, 883–899 (1933)
3. F.C. Frank, Disc. Faraday Soc. 25, 19–28 (1958)
4. P.G. de Gennes, J. Prost, The Physics of Liquid Crystals (Oxford University Press, Oxford,
1994)
5. International Union of Crystallography, Acta Crystallogr. A 48, 922–946 (1992)
6. Y. Nakazawa, Y. Yamamura, S. Kutsumizu, K. Saito, J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 81, 094601 (2012)
7. K. Saito, Y. Yamamura, Y. Miwa, S. Kutsumizu, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 18, 3280–3284
(2016)
8. C. Tschierske, G. Ungar, ChemPhysChem 17, 9–26 (2016)
9. C. Dressel, F. Liu, M. Prehm, X. Zeng, G. Ungar, C. Tschierske, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 53,
13115–13120 (2014)
10. C. Dressel, T. Reppe, M. Perhm, M. Brautzsch, C. Tschierske, Nat. Chem. 6, 971–977 (2014)
11. P. Bolhius, D. Frenkel, J. Chem. Phys. 106, 666–687 (1997)
12. J.A.C. Veerman, D. Frenkel, Phys. Rev. A 43, 4334–4343 (1991)
13. L. Onsager, Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 51, 627–659 (1949)
14. A. Ishihara, J. Chem. Phys. 19, 1142–1147 (1951)
15. K. Lakatos, J. Stat. Phys. 2, 121–136 (1970)
16. R. Zwanzig, J. Chem. Phys. 39, 1714–1721 (1963)
17. W. Maier, A. Saupe, Z. Naturforsch. A 13, 564–566 (1958)
18. W.L. McMillan, Phys. Rev. A 4, 1238–1246 (1971)
19. K. Saito, M. Hishida, Y. Yamamura, J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 86, 084602 (2017)
20. A.M.F. Neto, S.R.A. Salinas, The Physics of Lyotropic Liquid Crystals (Oxford University
Press, London, 2005)
21. S. Hyde, S. Andersson, K. Larsson, Z. Blum, T. Landh, S. Lidin, B.W. Ninham, The Language
of Shape (Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1997)
22. I.W. Hamley, The Physics of Block Copolymers (Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1998)
7 Liquid Crystals
Cases with small head groups formally correspond to v/al > 1. This situation
can be discussed by the interchanging roles of two parts in a molecule. For example,
water is confined in a central part of a rod-shaped micelle in the inverse hexagonal
phase and water channel inside rods of jungle gyms in the inverse bicontinuous cubic
phase.
General understanding briefly described above is the same in polymers [22].
However, there exists a significant difference. In the case of polymers, the length scale
of various organizations is much larger than that of a monomer. A quantity primarily
controlling a way of organization is the relative composition of components. The
shape of monomers hardly plays any role.
References
1. J.W. Goodby, P.J. Collings, T. Kato, C. Tschierske, H.F. Gleeson, P. Raynes (eds.), Handbook
of Liquid Crystals (Wiley, Weinheim, 2014)
2. C.W. Oseen, Trans. Faraday Soc. 29, 883–899 (1933)
3. F.C. Frank, Disc. Faraday Soc. 25, 19–28 (1958)
4. P.G. de Gennes, J. Prost, The Physics of Liquid Crystals (Oxford University Press, Oxford,
1994)
5. International Union of Crystallography, Acta Crystallogr. A 48, 922–946 (1992)
6. Y. Nakazawa, Y. Yamamura, S. Kutsumizu, K. Saito, J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 81, 094601 (2012)
7. K. Saito, Y. Yamamura, Y. Miwa, S. Kutsumizu, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 18, 3280–3284
(2016)
8. C. Tschierske, G. Ungar, ChemPhysChem 17, 9–26 (2016)
9. C. Dressel, F. Liu, M. Prehm, X. Zeng, G. Ungar, C. Tschierske, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 53,
13115–13120 (2014)
10. C. Dressel, T. Reppe, M. Perhm, M. Brautzsch, C. Tschierske, Nat. Chem. 6, 971–977 (2014)
11. P. Bolhius, D. Frenkel, J. Chem. Phys. 106, 666–687 (1997)
12. J.A.C. Veerman, D. Frenkel, Phys. Rev. A 43, 4334–4343 (1991)
13. L. Onsager, Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 51, 627–659 (1949)
14. A. Ishihara, J. Chem. Phys. 19, 1142–1147 (1951)
15. K. Lakatos, J. Stat. Phys. 2, 121–136 (1970)
16. R. Zwanzig, J. Chem. Phys. 39, 1714–1721 (1963)
17. W. Maier, A. Saupe, Z. Naturforsch. A 13, 564–566 (1958)
18. W.L. McMillan, Phys. Rev. A 4, 1238–1246 (1971)
19. K. Saito, M. Hishida, Y. Yamamura, J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 86, 084602 (2017)
20. A.M.F. Neto, S.R.A. Salinas, The Physics of Lyotropic Liquid Crystals (Oxford University
Press, London, 2005)
21. S. Hyde, S. Andersson, K. Larsson, Z. Blum, T. Landh, S. Lidin, B.W. Ninham, The Language
of Shape (Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1997)
22. I.W. Hamley, The Physics of Block Copolymers (Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1998)