4 Leak Detection and Quantification
To obtain factual data on water losses from municipal water infrastructures, detailed
field measurements and inspections were performed in six study areas, each of 25 ha
(see Fig. 6.2). Selection of these areas was made in such a way that they would
represent the diverse conditions in the city.
Leakage from the following wet utilities was assessed:
• The water distribution network
• The sanitary drainage sewers
• The storm water drainage system
4.1 Water Distribution Network
The water distribution network of Ar-Riyadh is relatively new. The oldest parts of
the network date only from around 1973. The large feeder mains (with diameters of
600–1200 mm) are cylindrical concrete pipes; mains (300–500 mm) are either
Fig. 6.1 Map showing location of Ar-Riyadh City
244
N. K. Shammas et al.
To obtain factual data on water losses from municipal water infrastructures, detailed
field measurements and inspections were performed in six study areas, each of 25 ha
(see Fig. 6.2). Selection of these areas was made in such a way that they would
represent the diverse conditions in the city.
Leakage from the following wet utilities was assessed:
• The water distribution network
• The sanitary drainage sewers
• The storm water drainage system
4.1 Water Distribution Network
The water distribution network of Ar-Riyadh is relatively new. The oldest parts of
the network date only from around 1973. The large feeder mains (with diameters of
600–1200 mm) are cylindrical concrete pipes; mains (300–500 mm) are either
Fig. 6.1 Map showing location of Ar-Riyadh City
244
N. K. Shammas et al.