Ultimate BOD (mg/L of
O 2 ) (BOD u )
The total amount of oxygen consumed when the biochemical
reaction is allowed to proceed to completion.
First-order decay rate (1/day) (K): An equation relating the rate
constant k to the initial concentration [A]0 and the concentration
[A]t present after any given time t.
References
1. Naddeo V, Scannapieco D, Zarra T, Belgiorno V (2013) River water quality assessment:
implementation of non-parametric tests for sampling frequency optimization. Land Use Policy
30(1):197–205
2. Boyacıoğlu H, Gündogdu V, Boyacıoğlu H (2013) Investigation of priorities in water quality
management based on correlations and variations. Mar Pollut Bull 69(1–2):48–54
3. Wang Y, Wang P, Bai Y, Tian Z, Li J, Shao X, Mustavich LF, Li B (2013) Assessment of
surface water quality via multivariate statistical techniques: a case study of the Songhua River
Harbin region, China. J Hydro Environ Res 7(1):30–40
4. Selle B, Schwientek M, Lischeid G (2013) Understanding processes governing water quality in
catchments using principal component scores. J Hydrol 486:31–38
5. Wan-Young Chung W, Yoo J (2015) Remote water quality monitoring in wide area. Sensors
Actuators B Chem B217:51–57
6. Hatvani IG, Kovács J, Márkus L, Clement A, Hoffmann R, Korponai J (2015) Assessing the
relationship of background factors governing the water quality of an agricultural watershed with
changes in catchment property (W-Hungary). J Hydrol 521:460–469
7. Chen K, Chen H, Zhou C, Huang Y, Qi X, Shen R, Liu F, Zuo M, Zou X, Wang J, Zhang Y,
Chen D, Chen X, Deng Y, Ren H (2020) Comparative analysis of surface water quality
prediction performance and identification of key water parameters using different machine
learning models based on big data. Water Res 171(15):115454
8. Busico G, Kazakis N, Cuoco E, Colombani N, Tedesco D, Voudouris K, Mastrocicco M (2020)
A novel hybrid method of specific vulnerability to anthropogenic pollution using multivariate
statistical and regression analyses. Water Res 171(15):115386
9. Jahin HS, Abuzaid AS, Abdellatif AD (2020) Using multivariate analysis to develop irrigation
water quality index for surface water in Kafr El-Sheikh governorate, Egypt. Environ Technol
Innov 17:100532
10. Weerasinghe VPA, Handapangoda K (2019) Surface water quality analysis of an urban lake,
East Beira, Colombo, Sri Lanka. Environ Nanotechnol Monitor Manag 12:100249
11. Carstens D, Amer R (2019) Spatio-temporal analysis of urban changes and surface water
quality. J Hydrol 569:720–734
12. Khan MT, Manes CO, Aubry C, Croué J (2013) Source water quality shaping different fouling
scenarios in a full-scale desalination plant at the Red Sea. Water Res 47(2):558–568
13. Won G, Kline TR, LeJeune JT (2013) Spatial-temporal variations of microbial water quality in
Marta used for irrigation. Agric Water Manag 116:73–78
14. Texas commotion on environmental quality, surface water quality monitoring (2013) Assessed
on 22 of Jun 2013 from http://www.tceq.texas.gov/waterquality/monitoring
15. Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment, Water Quality Control Commission
(2013) 5 ccr 1002-32 regulation no. 32 classifications and numeric standards for Arkansas river
basin, http://www.colorado.gov/cs/Satellite/CDPHE-Main/CBON/1251595703337
16. Environmental Agency (2012) Method statement for the classification of surface water bodies,
Water framework directive, Monitoring Strategy, v3
17. Terrado M, Borrell E, de Campos S, Barceló D, Tauler R (2010) Surface reservoirs and canals
surface-water-quality indices for the analysis of data generated by automated sampling networks. Trends Anal Chem 29(1):40–52
3 Surface Water Quality and Analysis
111
O 2 ) (BOD u )
The total amount of oxygen consumed when the biochemical
reaction is allowed to proceed to completion.
First-order decay rate (1/day) (K): An equation relating the rate
constant k to the initial concentration [A]0 and the concentration
[A]t present after any given time t.
References
1. Naddeo V, Scannapieco D, Zarra T, Belgiorno V (2013) River water quality assessment:
implementation of non-parametric tests for sampling frequency optimization. Land Use Policy
30(1):197–205
2. Boyacıoğlu H, Gündogdu V, Boyacıoğlu H (2013) Investigation of priorities in water quality
management based on correlations and variations. Mar Pollut Bull 69(1–2):48–54
3. Wang Y, Wang P, Bai Y, Tian Z, Li J, Shao X, Mustavich LF, Li B (2013) Assessment of
surface water quality via multivariate statistical techniques: a case study of the Songhua River
Harbin region, China. J Hydro Environ Res 7(1):30–40
4. Selle B, Schwientek M, Lischeid G (2013) Understanding processes governing water quality in
catchments using principal component scores. J Hydrol 486:31–38
5. Wan-Young Chung W, Yoo J (2015) Remote water quality monitoring in wide area. Sensors
Actuators B Chem B217:51–57
6. Hatvani IG, Kovács J, Márkus L, Clement A, Hoffmann R, Korponai J (2015) Assessing the
relationship of background factors governing the water quality of an agricultural watershed with
changes in catchment property (W-Hungary). J Hydrol 521:460–469
7. Chen K, Chen H, Zhou C, Huang Y, Qi X, Shen R, Liu F, Zuo M, Zou X, Wang J, Zhang Y,
Chen D, Chen X, Deng Y, Ren H (2020) Comparative analysis of surface water quality
prediction performance and identification of key water parameters using different machine
learning models based on big data. Water Res 171(15):115454
8. Busico G, Kazakis N, Cuoco E, Colombani N, Tedesco D, Voudouris K, Mastrocicco M (2020)
A novel hybrid method of specific vulnerability to anthropogenic pollution using multivariate
statistical and regression analyses. Water Res 171(15):115386
9. Jahin HS, Abuzaid AS, Abdellatif AD (2020) Using multivariate analysis to develop irrigation
water quality index for surface water in Kafr El-Sheikh governorate, Egypt. Environ Technol
Innov 17:100532
10. Weerasinghe VPA, Handapangoda K (2019) Surface water quality analysis of an urban lake,
East Beira, Colombo, Sri Lanka. Environ Nanotechnol Monitor Manag 12:100249
11. Carstens D, Amer R (2019) Spatio-temporal analysis of urban changes and surface water
quality. J Hydrol 569:720–734
12. Khan MT, Manes CO, Aubry C, Croué J (2013) Source water quality shaping different fouling
scenarios in a full-scale desalination plant at the Red Sea. Water Res 47(2):558–568
13. Won G, Kline TR, LeJeune JT (2013) Spatial-temporal variations of microbial water quality in
Marta used for irrigation. Agric Water Manag 116:73–78
14. Texas commotion on environmental quality, surface water quality monitoring (2013) Assessed
on 22 of Jun 2013 from http://www.tceq.texas.gov/waterquality/monitoring
15. Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment, Water Quality Control Commission
(2013) 5 ccr 1002-32 regulation no. 32 classifications and numeric standards for Arkansas river
basin, http://www.colorado.gov/cs/Satellite/CDPHE-Main/CBON/1251595703337
16. Environmental Agency (2012) Method statement for the classification of surface water bodies,
Water framework directive, Monitoring Strategy, v3
17. Terrado M, Borrell E, de Campos S, Barceló D, Tauler R (2010) Surface reservoirs and canals
surface-water-quality indices for the analysis of data generated by automated sampling networks. Trends Anal Chem 29(1):40–52
3 Surface Water Quality and Analysis
111