378
K. Singhal and A. Kumar
Fig. 16.6 Green synthesis approach for DMs analogue
and are found to be useful for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 and similar types of
disease.
16.2 IL as Solvents and Catalysts for the Green Synthesis
of Various Drugs
ILs generally defined as salt-like materials, are entirely composed of ions of organic
cations and organic or inorganic polyatomic anions. Imidazolium ion and pyridinium
ion are the most common used cations in the ILs and their counterparts (i.e. anions)
would be different (Table 16.1). In addition, they are colorless, have a low viscosity,
easily handled, and exhibit as fluid (or close to) at unusually low temperatures with
lower melting point (m.pt.) than 100 °C. The first IL discovered was ethanol ammonium nitrate, reported in 1888 by Gabriel (m.pt. 52–55 °C) and Ethyl ammonium
nitrate [EtNH 3 ] [NO 3 ] (m.pt. 12.5 °C) was first room temperature IL reported in
1914 by Walden [10]. The cations and anions with their corresponding charges in
ILs are distributed over a large volume of the molecule due to resonance, which is
responsible for easy solidification of ILs at lower temperature. The nature and size
K. Singhal and A. Kumar
Fig. 16.6 Green synthesis approach for DMs analogue
and are found to be useful for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 and similar types of
disease.
16.2 IL as Solvents and Catalysts for the Green Synthesis
of Various Drugs
ILs generally defined as salt-like materials, are entirely composed of ions of organic
cations and organic or inorganic polyatomic anions. Imidazolium ion and pyridinium
ion are the most common used cations in the ILs and their counterparts (i.e. anions)
would be different (Table 16.1). In addition, they are colorless, have a low viscosity,
easily handled, and exhibit as fluid (or close to) at unusually low temperatures with
lower melting point (m.pt.) than 100 °C. The first IL discovered was ethanol ammonium nitrate, reported in 1888 by Gabriel (m.pt. 52–55 °C) and Ethyl ammonium
nitrate [EtNH 3 ] [NO 3 ] (m.pt. 12.5 °C) was first room temperature IL reported in
1914 by Walden [10]. The cations and anions with their corresponding charges in
ILs are distributed over a large volume of the molecule due to resonance, which is
responsible for easy solidification of ILs at lower temperature. The nature and size