242
J. R. S. Selvan Christyraj et al.
of usual happenings globally [7]. More specifically, it disrupted the production and
supply chains, it caused political, logistical and economical challenges. Importantly,
it twisted the well-being of human beings and imparts an acute health risk. The
economy is under recession in many countries because of this pandemic. To emphasize, countries with already weaker growth and economy are facing greater challenges
during this crisis period. Apart from these above mentioned issues, each country is
facing its difficult times to manage the biomedical wastes generated during this
crisis time. Many countries are now taking efforts to monitor and report on the therapeutic uses of antibiotics to control this infectious disease. Several Universities and
Research Institutions are thriving their complete energies to discover a Novel/New
vaccine which can act as an appropriate shield to save this human era from the deadly
effects of corona virus.
Recently, the United Nations Industrial Organization (UNIDO) has sanctioned
a project titled “Environmental Sound Management of Medical Waste” to India to
reduce the Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) which was due to the emission of
toxic gases during incineration process. This project was launched in five states viz.,
Gujarat, Maharashtra, Karnataka, Orissa and Punjab.
10.2.4 Critical Appraisal on BWMS in India and Other
Countries
Due to the existence of large population in India, huge amount of biomedical wastes
is generated which needs special treatment facilities. Various treatment processes are
existing for the disposal of biomedical wastes in India including autoclave treatment,
microwave irradiation, dielectric heating, chemical disinfectant, depolymerization,
landfills, dry heat, Pyrolysis-Oxidation, etc. Among other methods, incineration of
biomedical waste is the usually used method in India because of its low cost. The
following Fig. 10.3 gives an idea of various treatment and disposal methods employed
in India and other countries [8–13].
10.2.5 Requirement of Biomedical Waste Management
in Hospitals and Research Centres
Hospitals and Research labs can act as a source for various hazardous wastes and
infectious contaminants which can cause harmful effects. The hospitals and labs
working with biological organs or organisms are prone to generate huge sources of
biomedical waste. There is great need of BMW management in hospitals wastes
because, the injuries from sharps can lead to infection, transmission of disease
through air, water and soil, risk of infection to the outsiders and general public
who are nearby hospital area, risk of allergies to the inside patients and possibility of
J. R. S. Selvan Christyraj et al.
of usual happenings globally [7]. More specifically, it disrupted the production and
supply chains, it caused political, logistical and economical challenges. Importantly,
it twisted the well-being of human beings and imparts an acute health risk. The
economy is under recession in many countries because of this pandemic. To emphasize, countries with already weaker growth and economy are facing greater challenges
during this crisis period. Apart from these above mentioned issues, each country is
facing its difficult times to manage the biomedical wastes generated during this
crisis time. Many countries are now taking efforts to monitor and report on the therapeutic uses of antibiotics to control this infectious disease. Several Universities and
Research Institutions are thriving their complete energies to discover a Novel/New
vaccine which can act as an appropriate shield to save this human era from the deadly
effects of corona virus.
Recently, the United Nations Industrial Organization (UNIDO) has sanctioned
a project titled “Environmental Sound Management of Medical Waste” to India to
reduce the Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) which was due to the emission of
toxic gases during incineration process. This project was launched in five states viz.,
Gujarat, Maharashtra, Karnataka, Orissa and Punjab.
10.2.4 Critical Appraisal on BWMS in India and Other
Countries
Due to the existence of large population in India, huge amount of biomedical wastes
is generated which needs special treatment facilities. Various treatment processes are
existing for the disposal of biomedical wastes in India including autoclave treatment,
microwave irradiation, dielectric heating, chemical disinfectant, depolymerization,
landfills, dry heat, Pyrolysis-Oxidation, etc. Among other methods, incineration of
biomedical waste is the usually used method in India because of its low cost. The
following Fig. 10.3 gives an idea of various treatment and disposal methods employed
in India and other countries [8–13].
10.2.5 Requirement of Biomedical Waste Management
in Hospitals and Research Centres
Hospitals and Research labs can act as a source for various hazardous wastes and
infectious contaminants which can cause harmful effects. The hospitals and labs
working with biological organs or organisms are prone to generate huge sources of
biomedical waste. There is great need of BMW management in hospitals wastes
because, the injuries from sharps can lead to infection, transmission of disease
through air, water and soil, risk of infection to the outsiders and general public
who are nearby hospital area, risk of allergies to the inside patients and possibility of