① Hazards identification
The five kinds of pollutants including cyanide, fluoride, arsenic, naphthalene and
anthracene if having concentrations in excess of the standard may be highly harmful
to the human body, and are required to be subject to the subsequent risks
measurement.
② Toxicity assessment
I. Carcinogenicity
According to the findings of the International Agency for Research on Cancer
(IARC) (which is given priority) and the USEPA Integrated Risk Information
System (IRIS), the carcinogenic toxicity of the pollutants of concern was
determined.
The determination results of carcinogenicity are shown in Table 5.114. Among
them, three kinds of pollutants of concern (cyanide, fluoride, anthracene) are
non-carcinogenic, and two pollutants of concern (arsenic, naphthalene) are
carcinogenic.
II. Value of toxicity parameters
The carcinogenic factor (cancer slope) and non-carcinogenic factor (reference dose)
of the pollutants of concern at the site are inquired in the database, with the results
as shown in Table 5.115.
③ Exposure assessment
I. Land use type
Sensitive land use is assumed for the groundwater subject to this health risks
assessment, considering the way the groundwater is used by the people at and
around the site.
II. Source-pathway -receptor analysis
A. Source of pollution
The contaminated groundwater of the landfill is the source of pollution.
Table 5.114 Determination of carcinogenicity of pollutants of concern at the site
Focus pollutants
Carcinogenicity
Cyanide
No
Fluoride
No
Arsenic
Yes
Anthracene
No
Naphthalene
Yes
342
5 Application Cases
The five kinds of pollutants including cyanide, fluoride, arsenic, naphthalene and
anthracene if having concentrations in excess of the standard may be highly harmful
to the human body, and are required to be subject to the subsequent risks
measurement.
② Toxicity assessment
I. Carcinogenicity
According to the findings of the International Agency for Research on Cancer
(IARC) (which is given priority) and the USEPA Integrated Risk Information
System (IRIS), the carcinogenic toxicity of the pollutants of concern was
determined.
The determination results of carcinogenicity are shown in Table 5.114. Among
them, three kinds of pollutants of concern (cyanide, fluoride, anthracene) are
non-carcinogenic, and two pollutants of concern (arsenic, naphthalene) are
carcinogenic.
II. Value of toxicity parameters
The carcinogenic factor (cancer slope) and non-carcinogenic factor (reference dose)
of the pollutants of concern at the site are inquired in the database, with the results
as shown in Table 5.115.
③ Exposure assessment
I. Land use type
Sensitive land use is assumed for the groundwater subject to this health risks
assessment, considering the way the groundwater is used by the people at and
around the site.
II. Source-pathway -receptor analysis
A. Source of pollution
The contaminated groundwater of the landfill is the source of pollution.
Table 5.114 Determination of carcinogenicity of pollutants of concern at the site
Focus pollutants
Carcinogenicity
Cyanide
No
Fluoride
No
Arsenic
Yes
Anthracene
No
Naphthalene
Yes
342
5 Application Cases