Chapter 4
Persuasive Design for Improving Battery
Swap Service Systems of Electric
Scooters
Li-Hsing Shih and Yi-Tzu Chien
Abstract Automatic battery swap stations have been recently set widely in Taiwan
while the system operators have found significant differences among the battery
utilization rates of the stations. To reduce the battery idle time in the less visited
stations, this study looks for effective persuasive design strategies that persuade users
to choose the less visited stations. After useful persuasive strategies were collected
from the related literature, eighteen feasible design strategies were proposed by
considering the problem characteristics. A questionnaire survey was conducted to
estimate the persuasion effects of the eighteen design strategies by using the storyboard method. The persuasive design strategies with higher persuasion effect are
identified and recommended for reducing the gap of battery utilization rates. Furthermore, by using the statistical analysis like ANOVA to analyze the persuasion effect
with respect to demographical variables such as gender and age, the results could
help choose effective persuasive strategies for different target customer groups.
Keywords Persuasive design · Battery swap · Service design · Electric scooters
4.1 Introduction
Since battery charging time is still longer than expected, battery swap service with
significant shorter time has been welcome to users of electric scooters. Recently, automatic battery swap stations have been set in various sites such as convenient stores,
parking lots, and sidewalks to provide better services in Taiwan by two competing
private companies. The battery swap service systems are major drivers for the fast
growth of eclectic scooter sales in Taiwan. However, system operators have found
that there are significant gaps among the battery utilization rates of the stations.
The phenomenon implies several disadvantages. For those less visited stations, the
battery utilization rates are low, incurring idle cost that should be avoided. For those
more visited stations, users often complain about no fully charged battery available,
L.-H. Shih (B) · Y.-T. Chien
Department of Resources Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan,
Republic of China
e-mail: lhshih@mail.ncku.edu.tw
© Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2021
Y. Kishita et al. (eds.), EcoDesign and Sustainability I, Sustainable Production, Life Cycle
Engineering and Management, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-6779-7_4
45
Persuasive Design for Improving Battery
Swap Service Systems of Electric
Scooters
Li-Hsing Shih and Yi-Tzu Chien
Abstract Automatic battery swap stations have been recently set widely in Taiwan
while the system operators have found significant differences among the battery
utilization rates of the stations. To reduce the battery idle time in the less visited
stations, this study looks for effective persuasive design strategies that persuade users
to choose the less visited stations. After useful persuasive strategies were collected
from the related literature, eighteen feasible design strategies were proposed by
considering the problem characteristics. A questionnaire survey was conducted to
estimate the persuasion effects of the eighteen design strategies by using the storyboard method. The persuasive design strategies with higher persuasion effect are
identified and recommended for reducing the gap of battery utilization rates. Furthermore, by using the statistical analysis like ANOVA to analyze the persuasion effect
with respect to demographical variables such as gender and age, the results could
help choose effective persuasive strategies for different target customer groups.
Keywords Persuasive design · Battery swap · Service design · Electric scooters
4.1 Introduction
Since battery charging time is still longer than expected, battery swap service with
significant shorter time has been welcome to users of electric scooters. Recently, automatic battery swap stations have been set in various sites such as convenient stores,
parking lots, and sidewalks to provide better services in Taiwan by two competing
private companies. The battery swap service systems are major drivers for the fast
growth of eclectic scooter sales in Taiwan. However, system operators have found
that there are significant gaps among the battery utilization rates of the stations.
The phenomenon implies several disadvantages. For those less visited stations, the
battery utilization rates are low, incurring idle cost that should be avoided. For those
more visited stations, users often complain about no fully charged battery available,
L.-H. Shih (B) · Y.-T. Chien
Department of Resources Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan,
Republic of China
e-mail: lhshih@mail.ncku.edu.tw
© Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2021
Y. Kishita et al. (eds.), EcoDesign and Sustainability I, Sustainable Production, Life Cycle
Engineering and Management, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-6779-7_4
45