640
Polyphenols (cont.)
medicinal properties
anti-cancer activities, 404, 405
anti-inflammatory and immune effects,
399, 400
anti-microbial, 401
antioxidant, 397, 398
blood pressure reduction, 398
cardioprotective effects, 403
skin protective effect, 401, 402
plant sources, 394, 395
sources, 392
Polysaccharides, 68
Polyunsaturated fatty acid, 220, 318, 536, 537
Potassium, 559, 578
Pouchitis
allergy and immune response, 192
cancer, 192
cardiovascular diseases, 193
Clostridium difficile, 193
diabetes, 190, 191
Helicobacter pylori, 192
high blood pressure, 193
lactose intolerance, 190
microflora, 191
NEC, 193
PPARγ, 424, 425
Prebiotics
beneficial bacteria growth, 181
defining, 179
food supplements, 180
in vitro and in vivo proven tests, 180
Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria, 180
physiological properties, 180, 181
vs. probiotics, 184
therapeutic use, 182
Pregnancy
life span, 528
macronutrients, 530
micronutrients, 532
requirement, 529
Probiotic microorganisms, 17, 199
Probiotics, 201, 519, 520
bacteria, 177, 178
characteristics, 176
defining, 174
forms, 177
gastrointestinal diseases, 184, 194
health benefits
AAD, 188
acute infantile diarrhea, 188
cardiovascular system, 186
CD, 190
diarrhea, 188
IBd, 189
IBs, 189
immune system, 187, 188
reproductive system, 187
respiratory system, 185
traveler’s diarrhea, 189
UC, 190
urinary system, 186
health benefits validation, 176
microorganisms, 175
Bifidobacterium spp, 175
Lactobacillus spp., 175
strain, 175–177
strain-specific, 185
therapeutic uses, 179
Probiotic-supplemented infant formula, 520
Product information, 626, 627
Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA),
485, 486
Protein
biofood, 109
human organism, 110–111
microbial re-synthesis process, 110
sources, 109
Protein denaturation, 129
Protein Digestibility Corrected Amino Acid
Score (PDCAAS), 531
Protein engineering, 603
Pro-vitamin A activity, 431
Q
Quercetins, 201, 391, 573
R
Randomized controlled trials (RCTs), 529
Raw materials, 622
Reactive oxygen species (ROS), 59, 62, 397,
420, 423
Ready-to-use Complementary foods
(RUCFs), 513
Ready-to-use foods (RUFs)
definition, 510
FBF, 513, 514
RUCFs, 513
RUSFs, 513
RUTFs (see Ready-to-use therapeutic
foods (RUTFs))
safety
aflatoxin, 520
bacterial contamination, 520
fatty acids oxidation, 520
GMP, 520
Index
Polyphenols (cont.)
medicinal properties
anti-cancer activities, 404, 405
anti-inflammatory and immune effects,
399, 400
anti-microbial, 401
antioxidant, 397, 398
blood pressure reduction, 398
cardioprotective effects, 403
skin protective effect, 401, 402
plant sources, 394, 395
sources, 392
Polysaccharides, 68
Polyunsaturated fatty acid, 220, 318, 536, 537
Potassium, 559, 578
Pouchitis
allergy and immune response, 192
cancer, 192
cardiovascular diseases, 193
Clostridium difficile, 193
diabetes, 190, 191
Helicobacter pylori, 192
high blood pressure, 193
lactose intolerance, 190
microflora, 191
NEC, 193
PPARγ, 424, 425
Prebiotics
beneficial bacteria growth, 181
defining, 179
food supplements, 180
in vitro and in vivo proven tests, 180
Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria, 180
physiological properties, 180, 181
vs. probiotics, 184
therapeutic use, 182
Pregnancy
life span, 528
macronutrients, 530
micronutrients, 532
requirement, 529
Probiotic microorganisms, 17, 199
Probiotics, 201, 519, 520
bacteria, 177, 178
characteristics, 176
defining, 174
forms, 177
gastrointestinal diseases, 184, 194
health benefits
AAD, 188
acute infantile diarrhea, 188
cardiovascular system, 186
CD, 190
diarrhea, 188
IBd, 189
IBs, 189
immune system, 187, 188
reproductive system, 187
respiratory system, 185
traveler’s diarrhea, 189
UC, 190
urinary system, 186
health benefits validation, 176
microorganisms, 175
Bifidobacterium spp, 175
Lactobacillus spp., 175
strain, 175–177
strain-specific, 185
therapeutic uses, 179
Probiotic-supplemented infant formula, 520
Product information, 626, 627
Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA),
485, 486
Protein
biofood, 109
human organism, 110–111
microbial re-synthesis process, 110
sources, 109
Protein denaturation, 129
Protein Digestibility Corrected Amino Acid
Score (PDCAAS), 531
Protein engineering, 603
Pro-vitamin A activity, 431
Q
Quercetins, 201, 391, 573
R
Randomized controlled trials (RCTs), 529
Raw materials, 622
Reactive oxygen species (ROS), 59, 62, 397,
420, 423
Ready-to-use Complementary foods
(RUCFs), 513
Ready-to-use foods (RUFs)
definition, 510
FBF, 513, 514
RUCFs, 513
RUSFs, 513
RUTFs (see Ready-to-use therapeutic
foods (RUTFs))
safety
aflatoxin, 520
bacterial contamination, 520
fatty acids oxidation, 520
GMP, 520
Index