384
Okamura N, Hine N, Tateyama Y, Nakazawa M, Fujioka T, Mihashi K, Yagi A (1998) Five chromone from Aloe vera leaves. Phytochemistry 48:219–223
Okyar A, Can A, Akev N, Baktir G, Sütlüpinar N (2001) Effect of Aloe vera leaves on blood glucose level in type I and type II diabetic rat models. Phytother Res 15(2):157–161. https://doi.
org/10.1002/ptr.719
Ortega-Toro R, Collazo-Bigliardi S, Roselló J, Santamarina P, Chiralt A (2017) Antifungal starchbased edible films containing Aloe vera. Food Hydrocoll 72:1–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
foodhyd.2017.05.023
Ovodova R, Lapchik V et al (1975) Polysaccharides of Aloe arborescens. Chem Nat Compd
11(1):1–2
Park MK, Park JH, Shin YG, Choi YS, Kim KH, Cho TH, Lee SK (1997) Chemical Constituent of
Aloe capensis. Arch Pharm Res 20:194
Park JH, Kim NY, Shin YG, Choi YS, Lee JG, Kim KH, Lee SK (1998) Analysis of 13 phenolic compounds in Aloe species by high performance liquid chromatography. Phytochem Anal
9(4):186–191
Park M-Y, Kwon H-J, Sung M-K (2009) Evaluation of aloin and aloe-emodin as anti-inflammatory
agents in aloe by using murine macrophages. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 73:828–832. https://
doi.org/10.1271/bbb.80714
Patel DK, Patel K, Tahilyani V (2012a) Barbaloin: a concise report of its pharmacological
and analytical aspects. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2(10):835–838. https://doi.org/10.1016/
S2221-1691(12)60239-1
Patel DK, Prasad SK, Kumar R, Hemalatha S (2012b) An overview on antidiabetic medicinal
plants having insulin mimetic property. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2(4):320–330. https://doi.
org/10.1016/S2221-1691(12)60032-X
Pecere T, Gazzola MV, Mucignat C, Parolin C, Dalla VF, Cavaggioni A, Basso G, Diaspro A,
Salvato B, Carli M (2000) Aloe-emodin is a new type of anticancer agent with selective activity
against neuroectodermal tumors. Cancer Res 60:2800–2804
Pengjam Y, Madhyastha H, Madhyastha R, Yamaguchi Y, Nakajima Y, Maruyama M (2016a)
Anthraquinone glycoside aloin induces osteogenic initiation of MC3T3-E1 cells: involvement of MAPK mediated Wnt and Bmp signaling. Biomol Ther. https://doi.org/10.4062/
biomolther.2015.106
Pengjam Y, Madhyastha H, Madhyastha R, Yamaguchi Y, Nakajima Y, Maruyama M (2016b).
NF-κB pathway inhibition by anthrocyclic glycoside aloin is key event in preventing osteoclastogenesis in RAW264.7 cells. Phytomedicine. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phymed.2016.01.006
Proposition 65. Chemicals Listed Effective December 4, 2015, as Known to the State of California
to Cause Cancer: Aloe Vera, Non-Decolorized Whole Leaf Extract, and Goldenseal Root
Powder. U.S. Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment. 4 December 2015
Rabe C, Musch A, Schirmacher P, Kruis W, Hoffmann R (2005) Acute hepatitis induced by an
Aloe vera preparation: a case report. World J Gastroenterol 11:303–304
Radha MH, Laxmipriya NP (2015) Evaluation of biological properties and clinical effectiveness of
Aloe vera: A systematic review. J Tradit Complement Med 5:21–26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
jtcme.2014.10.006
Rahmani AH, Aldebasi YH, Srikar S, Khan AA, Aly SM (2015) Aloe vera: potential candidate in
health management via modulation of biological activities. Pharmacogn Rev 9:120–126
Rainsford KD, Powanda MC, Whitehouse MW (2015) Novel Natural Products: Therapeutic
Effects in Pain, Arthritis and Gastro-intestinal Diseases. Springer, Basel, p 211
Rajasekaran S, Ravi K, Sivagnanam K, Subramanian S (2006) Beneficial effects of Aloe vera
leaf gel extract on lipid profile status in rats with streptozotocin diabetes. Clin Exp Pharmacol
Physiol 33:232–237
Rajashree S, Rose C (2018) Studies on an anti-aging formulation prepared using aloe vera blended
collagen and chitosan. IJPSR 9(2):582–588
Raphael E (2012) Phytochemical constituents of some leaves extract of Aloe vera and Azadirachta
indica plant species. Glob Adv Res J Environ Sci Toxicol 1(2):014–017
Rauwald HW (1990) 16thAnnual Symposium on Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry,
on 27, Oct, 1989 in Utrecht/Netherlands, Pharm Ztg Wiss 3:169
C. Egbuna et al.
Okamura N, Hine N, Tateyama Y, Nakazawa M, Fujioka T, Mihashi K, Yagi A (1998) Five chromone from Aloe vera leaves. Phytochemistry 48:219–223
Okyar A, Can A, Akev N, Baktir G, Sütlüpinar N (2001) Effect of Aloe vera leaves on blood glucose level in type I and type II diabetic rat models. Phytother Res 15(2):157–161. https://doi.
org/10.1002/ptr.719
Ortega-Toro R, Collazo-Bigliardi S, Roselló J, Santamarina P, Chiralt A (2017) Antifungal starchbased edible films containing Aloe vera. Food Hydrocoll 72:1–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
foodhyd.2017.05.023
Ovodova R, Lapchik V et al (1975) Polysaccharides of Aloe arborescens. Chem Nat Compd
11(1):1–2
Park MK, Park JH, Shin YG, Choi YS, Kim KH, Cho TH, Lee SK (1997) Chemical Constituent of
Aloe capensis. Arch Pharm Res 20:194
Park JH, Kim NY, Shin YG, Choi YS, Lee JG, Kim KH, Lee SK (1998) Analysis of 13 phenolic compounds in Aloe species by high performance liquid chromatography. Phytochem Anal
9(4):186–191
Park M-Y, Kwon H-J, Sung M-K (2009) Evaluation of aloin and aloe-emodin as anti-inflammatory
agents in aloe by using murine macrophages. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 73:828–832. https://
doi.org/10.1271/bbb.80714
Patel DK, Patel K, Tahilyani V (2012a) Barbaloin: a concise report of its pharmacological
and analytical aspects. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2(10):835–838. https://doi.org/10.1016/
S2221-1691(12)60239-1
Patel DK, Prasad SK, Kumar R, Hemalatha S (2012b) An overview on antidiabetic medicinal
plants having insulin mimetic property. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2(4):320–330. https://doi.
org/10.1016/S2221-1691(12)60032-X
Pecere T, Gazzola MV, Mucignat C, Parolin C, Dalla VF, Cavaggioni A, Basso G, Diaspro A,
Salvato B, Carli M (2000) Aloe-emodin is a new type of anticancer agent with selective activity
against neuroectodermal tumors. Cancer Res 60:2800–2804
Pengjam Y, Madhyastha H, Madhyastha R, Yamaguchi Y, Nakajima Y, Maruyama M (2016a)
Anthraquinone glycoside aloin induces osteogenic initiation of MC3T3-E1 cells: involvement of MAPK mediated Wnt and Bmp signaling. Biomol Ther. https://doi.org/10.4062/
biomolther.2015.106
Pengjam Y, Madhyastha H, Madhyastha R, Yamaguchi Y, Nakajima Y, Maruyama M (2016b).
NF-κB pathway inhibition by anthrocyclic glycoside aloin is key event in preventing osteoclastogenesis in RAW264.7 cells. Phytomedicine. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phymed.2016.01.006
Proposition 65. Chemicals Listed Effective December 4, 2015, as Known to the State of California
to Cause Cancer: Aloe Vera, Non-Decolorized Whole Leaf Extract, and Goldenseal Root
Powder. U.S. Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment. 4 December 2015
Rabe C, Musch A, Schirmacher P, Kruis W, Hoffmann R (2005) Acute hepatitis induced by an
Aloe vera preparation: a case report. World J Gastroenterol 11:303–304
Radha MH, Laxmipriya NP (2015) Evaluation of biological properties and clinical effectiveness of
Aloe vera: A systematic review. J Tradit Complement Med 5:21–26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
jtcme.2014.10.006
Rahmani AH, Aldebasi YH, Srikar S, Khan AA, Aly SM (2015) Aloe vera: potential candidate in
health management via modulation of biological activities. Pharmacogn Rev 9:120–126
Rainsford KD, Powanda MC, Whitehouse MW (2015) Novel Natural Products: Therapeutic
Effects in Pain, Arthritis and Gastro-intestinal Diseases. Springer, Basel, p 211
Rajasekaran S, Ravi K, Sivagnanam K, Subramanian S (2006) Beneficial effects of Aloe vera
leaf gel extract on lipid profile status in rats with streptozotocin diabetes. Clin Exp Pharmacol
Physiol 33:232–237
Rajashree S, Rose C (2018) Studies on an anti-aging formulation prepared using aloe vera blended
collagen and chitosan. IJPSR 9(2):582–588
Raphael E (2012) Phytochemical constituents of some leaves extract of Aloe vera and Azadirachta
indica plant species. Glob Adv Res J Environ Sci Toxicol 1(2):014–017
Rauwald HW (1990) 16thAnnual Symposium on Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry,
on 27, Oct, 1989 in Utrecht/Netherlands, Pharm Ztg Wiss 3:169
C. Egbuna et al.