131
7.4 Research Priorities
1. Development of the possibility of increasing the process of biological reduction
of nitrogen in various soil and climate zones of the world as the cheapest source
of nitrogen for the production of plant protein,
2. Development of ways to increase the nitrogen utilization rate of fertilized plants
in the process of vegetable protein synthesis,
3. Increasing the efficiency of protein processing of microorganisms and vegetable
protein on animal protein.
7.5 Conclusion and Future Perspective
The global meat substitutes market is growing from year to year. Projections for the
development of the protein substitute market are also based on data on population
growth, which is expected to increase to 8.9 billion by 2050. With such a high population growth, the demand for protein will increase dramatically, however, it is much
harder to increase meat production because it requires large expenditures (water
consumption, fodder), and also promotes waste production, rather than crop production or other possibilities of protein production. Satisfying the nutritional needs
of an ever-growing human population it requires searching for alternative sources of
protein. Currently, only in some regions of the world presented in the work organisms are used in the food sector. The production of SCPs and marine organisms can
contribute to improving food security in the world, although at present they are used
to a greater extent in feeding farm animals as feed components. A promising alternative to conventional protein sources is edible insects, which have great potential
as a component of human diet due to their high nutritional value. The breeding of
insects instead of pigs or poultry is also supported by the fact that it is more beneficial for the environment, economical and efficient. The problem is the lack of acceptance of insects as a foodstuff among the population of developed countries, as well
as difficulties in introducing insect food products to the market. The use of insects
in the food industry on a large scale is also difficult due to the safety of their consumption, which must be confirmed by further research. However, globalization of
the use of insects and other unconventional sources of protein in human nutrition
requires decisive action to improve public demand and acceptance and increase
consumer awareness of the benefits of their consumption. The search for new insects
as a source of protein and the technology of their processing requires further
research. In spite of fewer commercial approvals by limited number of countries,
the international trade GMO constituents has created labeling the foods products
and animal feeds in most countries in the world, to indicate the evidence of acceptance by many farming communities across the world. China, Brazil, and India,
have substantial public sector GMO R&D program on new GM crops which include
rice, cotton, maize and cassava, where the efforts are supported by US donors. There
7 Alternative and New Protein Sources
7.4 Research Priorities
1. Development of the possibility of increasing the process of biological reduction
of nitrogen in various soil and climate zones of the world as the cheapest source
of nitrogen for the production of plant protein,
2. Development of ways to increase the nitrogen utilization rate of fertilized plants
in the process of vegetable protein synthesis,
3. Increasing the efficiency of protein processing of microorganisms and vegetable
protein on animal protein.
7.5 Conclusion and Future Perspective
The global meat substitutes market is growing from year to year. Projections for the
development of the protein substitute market are also based on data on population
growth, which is expected to increase to 8.9 billion by 2050. With such a high population growth, the demand for protein will increase dramatically, however, it is much
harder to increase meat production because it requires large expenditures (water
consumption, fodder), and also promotes waste production, rather than crop production or other possibilities of protein production. Satisfying the nutritional needs
of an ever-growing human population it requires searching for alternative sources of
protein. Currently, only in some regions of the world presented in the work organisms are used in the food sector. The production of SCPs and marine organisms can
contribute to improving food security in the world, although at present they are used
to a greater extent in feeding farm animals as feed components. A promising alternative to conventional protein sources is edible insects, which have great potential
as a component of human diet due to their high nutritional value. The breeding of
insects instead of pigs or poultry is also supported by the fact that it is more beneficial for the environment, economical and efficient. The problem is the lack of acceptance of insects as a foodstuff among the population of developed countries, as well
as difficulties in introducing insect food products to the market. The use of insects
in the food industry on a large scale is also difficult due to the safety of their consumption, which must be confirmed by further research. However, globalization of
the use of insects and other unconventional sources of protein in human nutrition
requires decisive action to improve public demand and acceptance and increase
consumer awareness of the benefits of their consumption. The search for new insects
as a source of protein and the technology of their processing requires further
research. In spite of fewer commercial approvals by limited number of countries,
the international trade GMO constituents has created labeling the foods products
and animal feeds in most countries in the world, to indicate the evidence of acceptance by many farming communities across the world. China, Brazil, and India,
have substantial public sector GMO R&D program on new GM crops which include
rice, cotton, maize and cassava, where the efforts are supported by US donors. There
7 Alternative and New Protein Sources