coherence approaches. Atmos Res 238:104889. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2020.
104889
Das J, Rahman ATMS, Mandal T, Saha P (2020b) Exploring driving forces of large-scale
unsustainable groundwater development for irrigation in lower Ganga River basin in India.
Environ Dev Sustain:1–21. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-020-00917-5
Das J, Rahman ATMS, Mandal T, Saha P (2020c) Challenges for sustainable groundwater
management for large scale irrigation under changing climate in lower Ganga River Basin in
India. Groundw Sustain Dev 11:100449. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gsd.2020.100449
Das J, Mandal T, Saha P, Bhattacharya SK (2020d) Variability and trends of rainfall using
non-parametric approaches: a case study of semi-arid area. Mausam 71(1):33–44
Dash SK, Kulkarni MA, Mohanty UC, Prasad K (2009) Changes in the characteristics of rain events
in India. J Geophys Res Atmos 114(D10):D10109. https://doi.org/10.1029/2008JD010572
De Leo F, De Leo A, Besio G, Briganti R (2020) Detection and quantification of trends in time
series of significant wave heights: an application in the Mediterranean Sea. Ocean Eng
202:107155. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2020.107155
Farook AJ, Kannan KS (2016) Climate change impact on rice yield in India–vector autoregression
approach. Sri Lankan J Appl Stat 16(3):161. https://doi.org/10.4038/sljastats.v16i3.7830
Gedefaw M, Yan D, Wang H, Qin T, Girma A, Abiyu A, Batsuren D (2018) Innovative trend
analysis of annual and seasonal rainfall variability in Amhara regional state, Ethiopia. Atmosphere 9(9):326. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos9090326
Gilbert RO (1987) Statistical methods for environmental pollution monitoring. Wiley, Hoboken
Girma A, Qin T, Wang H, Yan D, Gedefaw M, Abiyu A, Batsuren D (2020) Study on recent trends
of climate variability using innovative trend analysis: the case of the upper Huai River Basin.
Pol J Environ Stud 29(3):2199. https://doi.org/10.15244/pjoes/103448
Güçlü YS (2020) Improved visualization for trend analysis by comparing with classical MannKendall test and ITA. J Hydrol 584:124674. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2020.124674
Guhathakurta P, Sreejith OP, Menon PA (2011) Impact of climate change on extreme rainfall events
and flood risk in India. J Earth Syst Sci 120(3):359. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12040-011-0082-5
Guntukula R, Goyari P (2020) Climate change effects on the crop yield and its variability in
Telangana, India. Stud Microecon 8:2321022220923197. https://doi.org/10.1177/
2321022220923197
Hamed KH, Rao AR (1998) A modified Mann-Kendall trend test for autocorrelated data. J Hydrol
204(1–4):182–196. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-1694(97)00125-X
Huang X, Zhou T, Turner A, Dai A, Chen X, Clark R, Jiang J, Man W, Murphy J, Rostron J, Wu B
(2020) The recent decline and recovery of Indian summer monsoon rainfall: relative roles of
external forcing and internal variability. J Clim 33(12):5035–5060. https://doi.org/10.1175/
JCLI-D-19-0833.1
Islam MN, van Amstel A (eds) (2018) Bangladesh I: climate change impacts, mitigation and
adaptation in developing countries. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-31926357-1
Kendall MG (1975) Rank correlation measures. Charles Griffin, London 202:15
Khan TI, Islam MN, Islam MN (2018) Climate variability impacts on agricultural land use
dynamics in the Madhupur tract in Bangladesh. In: Bangladesh I: climate change impacts,
mitigation and adaptation in developing countries. Springer, Cham, pp 167–193. https://doi.org/
10.1007/978-3-319-26357-1_7
Kisi O (2015) An innovative method for trend analysis of monthly pan evaporations. J Hydrol
527:1123–1129. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2015.06.009
Kisi O, Ay M (2014) Comparison of Mann–Kendall and innovative trend method for water quality
parameters of the Kizilirmak River, Turkey. J Hydrol 513:362–375. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
jhydrol.2014.03.005
Krishnan R, Sabin TP, Vellore R, Mujumdar M, Sanjay J, Goswami BN, Hourdin F, Dufresne JL,
Terray P (2016) Deciphering the desiccation trend of the South Asian monsoon hydroclimate in
a warming world. Clim Dyn 47(3–4):1007–1027. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-015-2886-5
7 Comparison of Classical Mann–Kendal Test and Graphical Innovative Trend. . .
181
104889
Das J, Rahman ATMS, Mandal T, Saha P (2020b) Exploring driving forces of large-scale
unsustainable groundwater development for irrigation in lower Ganga River basin in India.
Environ Dev Sustain:1–21. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-020-00917-5
Das J, Rahman ATMS, Mandal T, Saha P (2020c) Challenges for sustainable groundwater
management for large scale irrigation under changing climate in lower Ganga River Basin in
India. Groundw Sustain Dev 11:100449. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gsd.2020.100449
Das J, Mandal T, Saha P, Bhattacharya SK (2020d) Variability and trends of rainfall using
non-parametric approaches: a case study of semi-arid area. Mausam 71(1):33–44
Dash SK, Kulkarni MA, Mohanty UC, Prasad K (2009) Changes in the characteristics of rain events
in India. J Geophys Res Atmos 114(D10):D10109. https://doi.org/10.1029/2008JD010572
De Leo F, De Leo A, Besio G, Briganti R (2020) Detection and quantification of trends in time
series of significant wave heights: an application in the Mediterranean Sea. Ocean Eng
202:107155. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2020.107155
Farook AJ, Kannan KS (2016) Climate change impact on rice yield in India–vector autoregression
approach. Sri Lankan J Appl Stat 16(3):161. https://doi.org/10.4038/sljastats.v16i3.7830
Gedefaw M, Yan D, Wang H, Qin T, Girma A, Abiyu A, Batsuren D (2018) Innovative trend
analysis of annual and seasonal rainfall variability in Amhara regional state, Ethiopia. Atmosphere 9(9):326. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos9090326
Gilbert RO (1987) Statistical methods for environmental pollution monitoring. Wiley, Hoboken
Girma A, Qin T, Wang H, Yan D, Gedefaw M, Abiyu A, Batsuren D (2020) Study on recent trends
of climate variability using innovative trend analysis: the case of the upper Huai River Basin.
Pol J Environ Stud 29(3):2199. https://doi.org/10.15244/pjoes/103448
Güçlü YS (2020) Improved visualization for trend analysis by comparing with classical MannKendall test and ITA. J Hydrol 584:124674. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2020.124674
Guhathakurta P, Sreejith OP, Menon PA (2011) Impact of climate change on extreme rainfall events
and flood risk in India. J Earth Syst Sci 120(3):359. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12040-011-0082-5
Guntukula R, Goyari P (2020) Climate change effects on the crop yield and its variability in
Telangana, India. Stud Microecon 8:2321022220923197. https://doi.org/10.1177/
2321022220923197
Hamed KH, Rao AR (1998) A modified Mann-Kendall trend test for autocorrelated data. J Hydrol
204(1–4):182–196. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-1694(97)00125-X
Huang X, Zhou T, Turner A, Dai A, Chen X, Clark R, Jiang J, Man W, Murphy J, Rostron J, Wu B
(2020) The recent decline and recovery of Indian summer monsoon rainfall: relative roles of
external forcing and internal variability. J Clim 33(12):5035–5060. https://doi.org/10.1175/
JCLI-D-19-0833.1
Islam MN, van Amstel A (eds) (2018) Bangladesh I: climate change impacts, mitigation and
adaptation in developing countries. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-31926357-1
Kendall MG (1975) Rank correlation measures. Charles Griffin, London 202:15
Khan TI, Islam MN, Islam MN (2018) Climate variability impacts on agricultural land use
dynamics in the Madhupur tract in Bangladesh. In: Bangladesh I: climate change impacts,
mitigation and adaptation in developing countries. Springer, Cham, pp 167–193. https://doi.org/
10.1007/978-3-319-26357-1_7
Kisi O (2015) An innovative method for trend analysis of monthly pan evaporations. J Hydrol
527:1123–1129. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2015.06.009
Kisi O, Ay M (2014) Comparison of Mann–Kendall and innovative trend method for water quality
parameters of the Kizilirmak River, Turkey. J Hydrol 513:362–375. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
jhydrol.2014.03.005
Krishnan R, Sabin TP, Vellore R, Mujumdar M, Sanjay J, Goswami BN, Hourdin F, Dufresne JL,
Terray P (2016) Deciphering the desiccation trend of the South Asian monsoon hydroclimate in
a warming world. Clim Dyn 47(3–4):1007–1027. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-015-2886-5
7 Comparison of Classical Mann–Kendal Test and Graphical Innovative Trend. . .
181