Decline of radioactivity of xylose of
14 C-labeled cereal rye straw incubation for
5 years was fitted to two compartment kinetic model (Cheshire et al. 1988). While,
the decline of that of arabinose was fitted to three compartment model, and the third
fraction, i.e., the lowest decline rate fraction (16%) declined by slower rate than the
second fraction, i.e., the lowest decline rate fraction (19%) of xylose.
In addition, it was not herbaceous plants, but content of arabinose of the mixture
of deciduous tree litter mixed with brown forest soil was declined only 7.4% by
laboratory incubation of 1200 days, in making big contrast to 71.4% decline of
xylose (Sowden and Ivarson 1962).
An experiment of 56 days incubation which was carried out as a control series
(without
13 C-labeled glucose) of
13 C-glucose transformation experiment showed
that arabinose was decomposed by smaller extent than xylose, across three soils of
Fig. 6.4 Molar ratio of galactose + mannose (GM) to arabinose + xylose (AX) of soil. Open square:
Prairie and grassland soil (non-volcanic ash, n ¼ 2) (Folsom et al. 1974). Filled square: Arable soil
developed from prairie and grassland (non-volcanic ash, n ¼ 9) (Oades et al. 1970; Oades and
Wagner 1971; Folsom et al. 1974; Whitehead et al. 1975). Open circle: Arable soil developed from
non-forest (non-volcanic ash, n ¼ 10) (Murayama 1977b, 1980, 1985, 1988). Filled circle: Arable
soil developed from non-forest (riverrine muck, n ¼ 1) (Murayama 1977b). Open diamond: Forest
soil (volcanic ash, n ¼ 3) (Murayama 1980; Sugiura et al. 2017). Filled diamond: Arable soil
developed from forest (volcanic ash, n ¼ 6) (Murayama 1980, 1985). Open triangle: Forest soil
(non-volcanic ash, n ¼ 5) (Folsom et al. 1974). Filled triangle: Arable soil developed from forest
(non-volcanic ash, n ¼ 3) (Folsom et al. 1974). Statistical test, excluding soil group of open square
and soil of filled circle as datum of the former was two of large difference (0.99 and 1.4), and the
number of data of the latter was only one, performed as: open diamond (average ratio; 1.86) ’ filled
diamond (1.80) > open triangle (1.50) > filled triangle (1.17) > filled square (0.908) ’ open circle
(0.846) (’ means no significant difference)
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S. Murayama and Y. Sugiura
14 C-labeled cereal rye straw incubation for
5 years was fitted to two compartment kinetic model (Cheshire et al. 1988). While,
the decline of that of arabinose was fitted to three compartment model, and the third
fraction, i.e., the lowest decline rate fraction (16%) declined by slower rate than the
second fraction, i.e., the lowest decline rate fraction (19%) of xylose.
In addition, it was not herbaceous plants, but content of arabinose of the mixture
of deciduous tree litter mixed with brown forest soil was declined only 7.4% by
laboratory incubation of 1200 days, in making big contrast to 71.4% decline of
xylose (Sowden and Ivarson 1962).
An experiment of 56 days incubation which was carried out as a control series
(without
13 C-labeled glucose) of
13 C-glucose transformation experiment showed
that arabinose was decomposed by smaller extent than xylose, across three soils of
Fig. 6.4 Molar ratio of galactose + mannose (GM) to arabinose + xylose (AX) of soil. Open square:
Prairie and grassland soil (non-volcanic ash, n ¼ 2) (Folsom et al. 1974). Filled square: Arable soil
developed from prairie and grassland (non-volcanic ash, n ¼ 9) (Oades et al. 1970; Oades and
Wagner 1971; Folsom et al. 1974; Whitehead et al. 1975). Open circle: Arable soil developed from
non-forest (non-volcanic ash, n ¼ 10) (Murayama 1977b, 1980, 1985, 1988). Filled circle: Arable
soil developed from non-forest (riverrine muck, n ¼ 1) (Murayama 1977b). Open diamond: Forest
soil (volcanic ash, n ¼ 3) (Murayama 1980; Sugiura et al. 2017). Filled diamond: Arable soil
developed from forest (volcanic ash, n ¼ 6) (Murayama 1980, 1985). Open triangle: Forest soil
(non-volcanic ash, n ¼ 5) (Folsom et al. 1974). Filled triangle: Arable soil developed from forest
(non-volcanic ash, n ¼ 3) (Folsom et al. 1974). Statistical test, excluding soil group of open square
and soil of filled circle as datum of the former was two of large difference (0.99 and 1.4), and the
number of data of the latter was only one, performed as: open diamond (average ratio; 1.86) ’ filled
diamond (1.80) > open triangle (1.50) > filled triangle (1.17) > filled square (0.908) ’ open circle
(0.846) (’ means no significant difference)
102
S. Murayama and Y. Sugiura