challenging the need for, or priority of, air pollution management, and reactionary strategies do
not promote sustainability. If monitoring continues in this way, sustainability will remain elusive. If monitoring is performed to serve
sustainability, sustainability will be served.
Bibliography
Primary Literature
1. Environment Canada (2005) Acid rain and the facts.
http://www.ec.gc.ca/AcidRain/acidfact.html. Accessed
25 Jan 2010
2. US EPA (2010) What are the six common air pollutants?
http://www.epa.gov/air/urbanair/. Accessed 24 Oct 2010
3. Environment Canada (2010) Criteria air contaminants and related pollutants. http://www.ec.gc.ca/
air/default.asp?lang¼En&n¼7C43740B-1.
Accessed 24 Oct 2010
4. US EPA (2008) Technology transfer network air
toxics website. http://www.epa.gov/ttn/atw/188polls.
html. Accessed 19 Oct 2010
5. Fenger J (1999) Urban air quality. Atmos Environ
33:4877–4900
6. Sillman S, Logan JA, Wofsy SC (1990) The sensitivity of ozone to nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons
in regional ozone episodes. J Geophys Res
95:1837–1851
7. Environment Canada (2010) Backgrounder: persistent organic pollutants. http://www.ec.gc.ca/lcpecepa/default.asp?lang¼En&n¼135D347F-1.
Accessed 9 Dec 2010
8. Harrison RM (2001) Air pollution: sources, concentrations and measurements. In: Harrison RM
(ed) Pollution: causes, sources and control, 4th edn.
Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge, pp 169–193
9. Mølhave L, Nielson GD (1992) Interpretation and
limitations of the concept “total volatile organic compounds” (TVOCs) as an indicator of human
responses to exposures of volatile organic compounds (VOC) in indoor air. Indoor Air 2:65–77
10. Wang DK, Austin CC (2006) Determination of complex mixtures of volatile organic compounds in ambient air: an overview. Anal Bioanal Chem
386:1089–1098
11. Kesselmeier J, Staudt M (1999) Biogenic volatile
organic compounds (VOC): an overview on emission, physiology and ecology. J Atmos Chem
33:23–88
12. Geddes JA, Murphy JG, Wang DK (2009) Long term
changes in nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds in Toronto and the challenges facing local
ozone control. Atmos Environ 43:3407–3415
13. Brook RD, Rajagopalan S, Pope CA III, Brook JR,
Bhatnagar A, Diez-Roux AV, Holguin F, Hong Y,
Luepker RV, Mittleman MA, Peters A, Siscovick D,
Smith SC Jr, Whitsel L, Kaufman JD
(2010) Particulate matter air pollution and cardiovascular disease: an update to the scientific statement
from the American heart association. Circulation
121(21):2331–2378
14. Craig L, Brook JR, Chiotti Q, Croes B, Gower S,
Hedley
A,
Krewski
D,
Krupnick
A,
Krzyzanowski M, Moran MD, Pennel W, Samet
JM, Schneider J, Shortreed J, Williams M (2008)
Air pollution and public health: a guidance document
for risk managers. J Toxicol Environ Health
A 71:588–698
15. Haywood JM, Shine KP (1995) The effect of anthropogenic sulfate and soot aerosol on the clear sky
planetary radiation budget. Geophys Res Lett
22:603–606
16. Schecter A, Birnbaum L, Ryan JJ, Constable JD
(2006) Dioxins: an overview. Environ Res
101:419–428
17. Fleischer O, Wichmann H, Lorenz W (1999) Release
of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans by setting off fireworks. Chemosphere
39:925–932
18. Kampa M, Castanas E (2008) Human health effects
of air pollution. Environ Pollut 151:362–367
19. WHO (World Health Organization) (1977) Environmental health criteria 3: lead. WHO, Geneva
20. US EPA (Environmental Protection Agency)
(1997) The benefits and costs of the clean air act,
1970 to 1990. US EPA, Washington, DC
21. Crathorne B, Rees YJ, France S (2001) Chemical
pollution of the aquatic environment by priority pollutants and its control. In: Harrison RM
(ed) Pollution: causes, sources and control, 4th edn.
Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge, pp 1–31
22. Gillett NP, Arora VK, Zickfeld K, Marshall SJ,
Marryfield WJ (2011) Ongoing climate change following a complete cessation of carbon dioxide emissions. Nat Geosci https://doi.org/10.1038/NGE01047
23. European Commission (1999) Directorate General,
environment, nuclear safety and civil protection. EU
Focus on Clean Air, Germany. http://ec.europa.eu/
environment/air/pdf/clean_air.pdf
24. Environment Canada (2010) Impacts of air pollution.
http://ec.gc.ca/indicateurs-indicators/default.asp?lang¼en
&n¼D189C09D-1. Accessed 17 Jan 2011
25. Pope CA III, Dockery DW (2006) Health effects of
fine particulate air pollution: lines that connect. J Air
Waste Manage Assoc 56:709–742
26. WHO (World Health Organization) (2010) Urbanization and Health. Bull World Health Organ
88:245–246
27. Yang W, Omaye ST (2009) Air pollutants, oxidative
stress and human health. Mutat Res 674:45–54
28. Saxon A, Diaz-Sanchez D (2005) Air pollution and
allergy: you are what you breathe. Nat Immunol
6:223–226
29. Mortimer KM, Neas LM, Dockery DW, Redline S,
Tager IB (2002) The effect of air pollution on innercity children with asthma. Eur Respir J 19:699–705
30. Lee SC, Lam S, Fai HK (2001) Characterization of
VOCs, ozone, and PM 10 emissions from office
418
Air Pollution Monitoring and Sustainability
not promote sustainability. If monitoring continues in this way, sustainability will remain elusive. If monitoring is performed to serve
sustainability, sustainability will be served.
Bibliography
Primary Literature
1. Environment Canada (2005) Acid rain and the facts.
http://www.ec.gc.ca/AcidRain/acidfact.html. Accessed
25 Jan 2010
2. US EPA (2010) What are the six common air pollutants?
http://www.epa.gov/air/urbanair/. Accessed 24 Oct 2010
3. Environment Canada (2010) Criteria air contaminants and related pollutants. http://www.ec.gc.ca/
air/default.asp?lang¼En&n¼7C43740B-1.
Accessed 24 Oct 2010
4. US EPA (2008) Technology transfer network air
toxics website. http://www.epa.gov/ttn/atw/188polls.
html. Accessed 19 Oct 2010
5. Fenger J (1999) Urban air quality. Atmos Environ
33:4877–4900
6. Sillman S, Logan JA, Wofsy SC (1990) The sensitivity of ozone to nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons
in regional ozone episodes. J Geophys Res
95:1837–1851
7. Environment Canada (2010) Backgrounder: persistent organic pollutants. http://www.ec.gc.ca/lcpecepa/default.asp?lang¼En&n¼135D347F-1.
Accessed 9 Dec 2010
8. Harrison RM (2001) Air pollution: sources, concentrations and measurements. In: Harrison RM
(ed) Pollution: causes, sources and control, 4th edn.
Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge, pp 169–193
9. Mølhave L, Nielson GD (1992) Interpretation and
limitations of the concept “total volatile organic compounds” (TVOCs) as an indicator of human
responses to exposures of volatile organic compounds (VOC) in indoor air. Indoor Air 2:65–77
10. Wang DK, Austin CC (2006) Determination of complex mixtures of volatile organic compounds in ambient air: an overview. Anal Bioanal Chem
386:1089–1098
11. Kesselmeier J, Staudt M (1999) Biogenic volatile
organic compounds (VOC): an overview on emission, physiology and ecology. J Atmos Chem
33:23–88
12. Geddes JA, Murphy JG, Wang DK (2009) Long term
changes in nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds in Toronto and the challenges facing local
ozone control. Atmos Environ 43:3407–3415
13. Brook RD, Rajagopalan S, Pope CA III, Brook JR,
Bhatnagar A, Diez-Roux AV, Holguin F, Hong Y,
Luepker RV, Mittleman MA, Peters A, Siscovick D,
Smith SC Jr, Whitsel L, Kaufman JD
(2010) Particulate matter air pollution and cardiovascular disease: an update to the scientific statement
from the American heart association. Circulation
121(21):2331–2378
14. Craig L, Brook JR, Chiotti Q, Croes B, Gower S,
Hedley
A,
Krewski
D,
Krupnick
A,
Krzyzanowski M, Moran MD, Pennel W, Samet
JM, Schneider J, Shortreed J, Williams M (2008)
Air pollution and public health: a guidance document
for risk managers. J Toxicol Environ Health
A 71:588–698
15. Haywood JM, Shine KP (1995) The effect of anthropogenic sulfate and soot aerosol on the clear sky
planetary radiation budget. Geophys Res Lett
22:603–606
16. Schecter A, Birnbaum L, Ryan JJ, Constable JD
(2006) Dioxins: an overview. Environ Res
101:419–428
17. Fleischer O, Wichmann H, Lorenz W (1999) Release
of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans by setting off fireworks. Chemosphere
39:925–932
18. Kampa M, Castanas E (2008) Human health effects
of air pollution. Environ Pollut 151:362–367
19. WHO (World Health Organization) (1977) Environmental health criteria 3: lead. WHO, Geneva
20. US EPA (Environmental Protection Agency)
(1997) The benefits and costs of the clean air act,
1970 to 1990. US EPA, Washington, DC
21. Crathorne B, Rees YJ, France S (2001) Chemical
pollution of the aquatic environment by priority pollutants and its control. In: Harrison RM
(ed) Pollution: causes, sources and control, 4th edn.
Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge, pp 1–31
22. Gillett NP, Arora VK, Zickfeld K, Marshall SJ,
Marryfield WJ (2011) Ongoing climate change following a complete cessation of carbon dioxide emissions. Nat Geosci https://doi.org/10.1038/NGE01047
23. European Commission (1999) Directorate General,
environment, nuclear safety and civil protection. EU
Focus on Clean Air, Germany. http://ec.europa.eu/
environment/air/pdf/clean_air.pdf
24. Environment Canada (2010) Impacts of air pollution.
http://ec.gc.ca/indicateurs-indicators/default.asp?lang¼en
&n¼D189C09D-1. Accessed 17 Jan 2011
25. Pope CA III, Dockery DW (2006) Health effects of
fine particulate air pollution: lines that connect. J Air
Waste Manage Assoc 56:709–742
26. WHO (World Health Organization) (2010) Urbanization and Health. Bull World Health Organ
88:245–246
27. Yang W, Omaye ST (2009) Air pollutants, oxidative
stress and human health. Mutat Res 674:45–54
28. Saxon A, Diaz-Sanchez D (2005) Air pollution and
allergy: you are what you breathe. Nat Immunol
6:223–226
29. Mortimer KM, Neas LM, Dockery DW, Redline S,
Tager IB (2002) The effect of air pollution on innercity children with asthma. Eur Respir J 19:699–705
30. Lee SC, Lam S, Fai HK (2001) Characterization of
VOCs, ozone, and PM 10 emissions from office
418
Air Pollution Monitoring and Sustainability