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and a flask sampling network: Tools for studying the
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LD (2013) Observations: Ocean. In, Stocker TF,
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Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge, GB. Cambridge
University Press, pp. 106
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the response of the thermohaline circulation to past
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idea. Energy 34(3):323–326
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anthropogenic carbon. Biogeosciences 10(4):
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34. Doney SC, Fabry VJ, Feely RA, Kleypas JA
(2009) Ocean acidification: the other CO 2 problem.
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35. Bardi U (2011) The limits to growth revisited.
Springer Science & Business Media, New York
36. Trenberth K (2011) Changes in precipitation with
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37. Kirschbaum MUF (2000) Will changes in soil
organic carbon act as a positive or negative feedback
on global warming? Biogeochemistry 48:21–51
38. Zimov SA, Schuur EAG, Chapin SF III (2006) Permafrost and the global carbon budget. Science
312(5780):1612–1613
39. Brown J, Romanovsky VE (2008) Report from the
International Permafrost Association: state of permafrost in the first decade of the 21st century. Permafr
Periglac Process 19(2):255–260
40. Barnosky AD et al (2011) Has the Earth’s sixth mass
extinction already arrived? Nature 471(7336):51–57
41. Ceballos G, Ehrlich PR, Barnosky AD, García A,
Pringle RM, Palmer TM (2015) Accelerated modern
human–induced species losses: entering the sixth
mass extinction. Sci Adv 1(5):e1400253
42. Bellard C, Bertelsmeier C, Leadley P, Thuiller W,
Courchamp F (2012) Impacts of climate change on
the future of biodiversity: biodiversity and climate
change. Ecol Lett 15(4):365–377
43. Sánchez-Bayo F, Wyckhuys KAG (2019) Worldwide
decline of the entomofauna: a review of its drivers.
Biol Conserv 232:8–27
44. Krishna Bahadur KC et al (2018) When too much
isn’t enough: does current food production meet
global nutritional needs? PLoS One 13(10):
e0205683
Air Pollution and Climate Change: Sustainability, Restoration, and Ethical Implications
319
and information. [Online]. Available: https://www.
nationalgeographic.com/environment/global-warming/
pollution/
13. Elliott K (2011) Is a little pollution good for you?:
incorporating societal values in environmental
research. Oxford University Press, Oxford
14. Seinfeld JH, Pandis SN (2016) Atmospheric chemistry and physics: from air pollution to climate change.
Wiley, Hoboken
15. Crutzen P (2002) Geology of mankind. Nature
415(6867):23
16. Carrington D (2016) The Anthropocene epoch: scientists declare dawn of human-influenced age. The
Guardian 29(8). http://re4221.com/wp-content/
epoch_scientists-declare-dawn-of-human-influencedage.pdf
17. Hansen J, Ruedy R, Sato M, LO K (2010) Global surface
temperature change. Rev Geophys 48(4):RG4004
18. GISTEMP Team (2019) 2019: GISS Surface Temperature Analysis (GISTEMP). NASA Goddard
Institute for Space Studies, USA
19. Pachauri RK et al (2014) Climate change 2014: synthesis report. Contribution of working groups I, II
and III to the fifth assessment report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. IPCC, Geneva
20. Keeling CD et al (2001) Exchanges of atmospheric
CO 2 and
13
CO 2 with the terrestrial biosphere and
oceans from 1978 to 2000. I. Global aspects. SIO
Reference No. 01–06 pp 1–28
21. Keeling RF, Stephen CP, Heimann M (1996) Global
and hemispheric CO 2 sinks deduced from changes in
atmospheric O 2 concentration. Nature 381(6579):218
22. Sirignano C, Neubert REM, Rödenbeck C, Meijer
HAJ (2010) Atmospheric oxygen and carbon dioxide
observations from two European coastal stations
2000–2005: continental influence, trend changes
and APO climatology. Atmos Chem Phys
10(4):1599–1615
23. Boden TA, Marland G, Andres RJ (2009) Global,
regional, and national fossil-fuel CO 2 emissions. Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Oak
Ridge National Laboratory, US Department of
Energy, Oak Ridge
24. Manning A, Keeling RF (2006) Global oceanic and
land biotic carbon sinks from the Scripps atmospheric oxygen flask sampling network. Tellus Ser
B Chem Phys Meteorol 58(2):95–116
25. Severinghaus JP (1995) Studies of the terrestrial O 2
and carbon cycles in sand dune gases and in biosphere
2. Oak Ridge Associated Universities, Oak Ridge
26. Manning AC (2001) Temporal variability of atmospheric oxygen from both continuous measurements
and a flask sampling network: Tools for studying the
global carbon cycle. University of California, San
Diego
27. Shaw T et al (2016) Storm track processes and the
opposing influences of climate change. Nat Geosci
9(9):656–664
28. Gaetani M, Baldi M, Dalu GA, Maracchi G (2011)
Jetstream and rainfall distribution in the Mediterranean region. Nat Hazards Earth Syst Sci
11(9):2469–2481
29. Hu Y, Fu Q (2007) Observed poleward expansion of
the Hadley circulation since 1979. Atmos Chem Phys
7(19):5229–5236
30. Rhein M, Rintoul SR, Aoki S, Campos E, Chambers
D, Feely RA, Gulev S, Johnson GC, Josey SA,
Kostianoy A, Mauritzen C, Roemmich D, Talley
LD (2013) Observations: Ocean. In, Stocker TF,
Qin D, Plattner G-K, Tignor M, Allen SK, Boschung
J, Nauels A, Xia Y, Bex V, Midgley PM (eds.) Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis.
Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge, GB. Cambridge
University Press, pp. 106
31. Stouffer RJ et al (2006) Investigating the causes of
the response of the thermohaline circulation to past
and future climate changes. J Clim 19(8):1365–1387
32. Bardi U (2009) Peak oil: the four stages of a new
idea. Energy 34(3):323–326
33. Khatiwala S et al (2013) Global ocean storage of
anthropogenic carbon. Biogeosciences 10(4):
2169–2191
34. Doney SC, Fabry VJ, Feely RA, Kleypas JA
(2009) Ocean acidification: the other CO 2 problem.
Annu Rev Mar Sci 1(1):169–192
35. Bardi U (2011) The limits to growth revisited.
Springer Science & Business Media, New York
36. Trenberth K (2011) Changes in precipitation with
climate change. Clim Res 47(1):123–138
37. Kirschbaum MUF (2000) Will changes in soil
organic carbon act as a positive or negative feedback
on global warming? Biogeochemistry 48:21–51
38. Zimov SA, Schuur EAG, Chapin SF III (2006) Permafrost and the global carbon budget. Science
312(5780):1612–1613
39. Brown J, Romanovsky VE (2008) Report from the
International Permafrost Association: state of permafrost in the first decade of the 21st century. Permafr
Periglac Process 19(2):255–260
40. Barnosky AD et al (2011) Has the Earth’s sixth mass
extinction already arrived? Nature 471(7336):51–57
41. Ceballos G, Ehrlich PR, Barnosky AD, García A,
Pringle RM, Palmer TM (2015) Accelerated modern
human–induced species losses: entering the sixth
mass extinction. Sci Adv 1(5):e1400253
42. Bellard C, Bertelsmeier C, Leadley P, Thuiller W,
Courchamp F (2012) Impacts of climate change on
the future of biodiversity: biodiversity and climate
change. Ecol Lett 15(4):365–377
43. Sánchez-Bayo F, Wyckhuys KAG (2019) Worldwide
decline of the entomofauna: a review of its drivers.
Biol Conserv 232:8–27
44. Krishna Bahadur KC et al (2018) When too much
isn’t enough: does current food production meet
global nutritional needs? PLoS One 13(10):
e0205683
Air Pollution and Climate Change: Sustainability, Restoration, and Ethical Implications
319