554
I. N. Carlotto et al.
3 Sustainable Development, Social Responsibility
and Environmental Bioethics
The definition of SD involves a set of evidence that suggests limits to the exploration
of the natural environment. This perspective holds that the impact of human actions on
the biosphere must remain within some identifiable limits to prevent sudden changes
and the consequent loss or scarcity of valuable vital resources that support human
health.
Environmental degradation can lead to a drastic reduction in the number of
resources available, whether through depletion of natural resources or harmful
climate events such as droughts, tornadoes, heat waves, floods, etc. Today, humanity
faces many environmental issues—climate change, loss of biodiversity, depletion of
natural resources, etc. Such factors pose severe threats to the health, well-being and
stability of societies.
SR and environmental bioethics are concepts and tools compatible with ecological
reality and SD since they do not conflict with ideas of a political or governmental
nature since their actions involve the understanding of the existence of a holistic and
multicultural environmental context (Fragnière 2016).
Therefore, bioethics acts as discipline and practice. The broad definition of
bioethics includes the health sciences as well as the natural sciences and the social and
human sciences. It is imperative to consider an approach that values these sciences
so as not to risk not understanding all dimensions of current bioethical issues. And
in this scenario, the concept of environmental bioethics fits as the first guide of this
approach.
Finally, a concept that should be remembered, and as it appears along with the
environmental issue, of SD and SR, is the concept of globalization. All of these
approaches include aspects that involve global justice, not only in socio-economic
or political terms, but considering human relations, information sharing and mutual
help (Stanton-Jean 2015).
4 Methodology
This research had a cross-sectional design with a quantitative and qualitative approach
and was exploratory and descriptive in nature (Prodanov 2013). The population was
composed of professors from 9 Universities in the Brazilian state of Rio Grande
do Sul (RS). They were selected sample random, non-probabilistic sampling out
of convenience (openepi = 95%CI (%), n =1400 professors). Data was collected
between March and July 2017. The study was approved by the Research Ethics
Committee of the Clinical Hospital of Porto Alegre (HCPA), by the Ethics Committee
of Fernando Pessoa University (UFP) in Porto, Portugal, and CAAE Registry
550666168.0000.5327, Plataforma Brasil.
I. N. Carlotto et al.
3 Sustainable Development, Social Responsibility
and Environmental Bioethics
The definition of SD involves a set of evidence that suggests limits to the exploration
of the natural environment. This perspective holds that the impact of human actions on
the biosphere must remain within some identifiable limits to prevent sudden changes
and the consequent loss or scarcity of valuable vital resources that support human
health.
Environmental degradation can lead to a drastic reduction in the number of
resources available, whether through depletion of natural resources or harmful
climate events such as droughts, tornadoes, heat waves, floods, etc. Today, humanity
faces many environmental issues—climate change, loss of biodiversity, depletion of
natural resources, etc. Such factors pose severe threats to the health, well-being and
stability of societies.
SR and environmental bioethics are concepts and tools compatible with ecological
reality and SD since they do not conflict with ideas of a political or governmental
nature since their actions involve the understanding of the existence of a holistic and
multicultural environmental context (Fragnière 2016).
Therefore, bioethics acts as discipline and practice. The broad definition of
bioethics includes the health sciences as well as the natural sciences and the social and
human sciences. It is imperative to consider an approach that values these sciences
so as not to risk not understanding all dimensions of current bioethical issues. And
in this scenario, the concept of environmental bioethics fits as the first guide of this
approach.
Finally, a concept that should be remembered, and as it appears along with the
environmental issue, of SD and SR, is the concept of globalization. All of these
approaches include aspects that involve global justice, not only in socio-economic
or political terms, but considering human relations, information sharing and mutual
help (Stanton-Jean 2015).
4 Methodology
This research had a cross-sectional design with a quantitative and qualitative approach
and was exploratory and descriptive in nature (Prodanov 2013). The population was
composed of professors from 9 Universities in the Brazilian state of Rio Grande
do Sul (RS). They were selected sample random, non-probabilistic sampling out
of convenience (openepi = 95%CI (%), n =1400 professors). Data was collected
between March and July 2017. The study was approved by the Research Ethics
Committee of the Clinical Hospital of Porto Alegre (HCPA), by the Ethics Committee
of Fernando Pessoa University (UFP) in Porto, Portugal, and CAAE Registry
550666168.0000.5327, Plataforma Brasil.