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F. A. Z. Contador and O. Canciglieri Junior
through tests in terms of resistance, malleability and applicability for the production
of new products. The main tests to which the materials are submitted are tension and
resistance, fundamental pillars to ensure that reuse will be efficient when introducing
such materials again into the production line as raw material.
The tests are performed through tests assisted by computerised software, such as
Computer-Aided Engineering (CAE) and Computer-Aided Engineering (CAD) that
allow the structural design of a part, simulating and doing previous studies before
the manufacturing of the products on aspects such as stability and strength (main
factor for the U-TURN approach). Therefore, this first Macro Phase of the U-TURN
approach will determine the material’s resistance and other parameters, which are
defining through various computerised tests whether the material can be reused,
becoming raw material again in the production process.
8 Macro-phase II—New Product Design
The second Macro-Phase of the approach is responsible for defining the design of
the new product meeting some minimum requirements to ensure that the U-TURN
approach is applied at the end of its useful life. The minimum requirements comprehend the design focused on: (i) easy assembly/disassembly process and (ii) focus on
the different new lives of the products.
A product with a design aimed at an easy disassembly process allows reducing
manufacturing cycle time since with simple processes it is possible to disassemble,
sanitise and feed the production cycle again, reducing the expenditure of energy and
resources for making the old material/product a raw material again. In the development of a new product, the design phase should clearly aim at the maximum use
of the material. In this way, a single material that would previously be discarded at
the end of the life cycle of the first product will now pass through the phases of the
U-TURN approach and will have 2, and even more new life.
Tools to support the ways of developing and channelling ideas are used to help the
design team achieve these objectives. The tools preferentially used on the proposed
approach are Brainstorming and Opposite Thinking. Brainstorming tool was chosen
because it is a widely disseminated concept and easy to understand by all practitioners; and the Opposite Thinking tool is differential for the approach as it avoids
rework, allowing wide discussion and exchange of information between the participants of the design team and enriches the original. Additionally, other support tools
such as Scamper can also be used since they can contribute and help the design team
in the new product design. This Macro-Phase of the U-TURN approach identifies
the design of the new product through Brainstorming and Opposite Thinking tools,
channelling ideas and making the final decisions on the new product design.
F. A. Z. Contador and O. Canciglieri Junior
through tests in terms of resistance, malleability and applicability for the production
of new products. The main tests to which the materials are submitted are tension and
resistance, fundamental pillars to ensure that reuse will be efficient when introducing
such materials again into the production line as raw material.
The tests are performed through tests assisted by computerised software, such as
Computer-Aided Engineering (CAE) and Computer-Aided Engineering (CAD) that
allow the structural design of a part, simulating and doing previous studies before
the manufacturing of the products on aspects such as stability and strength (main
factor for the U-TURN approach). Therefore, this first Macro Phase of the U-TURN
approach will determine the material’s resistance and other parameters, which are
defining through various computerised tests whether the material can be reused,
becoming raw material again in the production process.
8 Macro-phase II—New Product Design
The second Macro-Phase of the approach is responsible for defining the design of
the new product meeting some minimum requirements to ensure that the U-TURN
approach is applied at the end of its useful life. The minimum requirements comprehend the design focused on: (i) easy assembly/disassembly process and (ii) focus on
the different new lives of the products.
A product with a design aimed at an easy disassembly process allows reducing
manufacturing cycle time since with simple processes it is possible to disassemble,
sanitise and feed the production cycle again, reducing the expenditure of energy and
resources for making the old material/product a raw material again. In the development of a new product, the design phase should clearly aim at the maximum use
of the material. In this way, a single material that would previously be discarded at
the end of the life cycle of the first product will now pass through the phases of the
U-TURN approach and will have 2, and even more new life.
Tools to support the ways of developing and channelling ideas are used to help the
design team achieve these objectives. The tools preferentially used on the proposed
approach are Brainstorming and Opposite Thinking. Brainstorming tool was chosen
because it is a widely disseminated concept and easy to understand by all practitioners; and the Opposite Thinking tool is differential for the approach as it avoids
rework, allowing wide discussion and exchange of information between the participants of the design team and enriches the original. Additionally, other support tools
such as Scamper can also be used since they can contribute and help the design team
in the new product design. This Macro-Phase of the U-TURN approach identifies
the design of the new product through Brainstorming and Opposite Thinking tools,
channelling ideas and making the final decisions on the new product design.