428
energy, coupling from handheld mobile
phones, 26
plane waves, characteristics, 22
radiation, 3
reflection/transmission, 21–22
surgery, 357–358
Radiofrequency (RF) field
coupling
to bodies with curvature, 22–24
in far field/near field, 24–25, 39–40
and energy deposition, 20–21
Ray-tracing (RT) techniques, 278
Reactive field, 14
Reactive nitrogen species (RNS), 118
Reactive oxygen species (ROS), 118
Reactive region zone, 14
Regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed
and secreted (RANTES), 148
Relative permittivity, of cell membrane,
100, 101
Remote patient monitoring, 356
Remote wireless data transmission, 345
Resonant tunneling diodes (RTDs), 380
Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain
Reaction (RT-PCR), 132
RF, see Radiofrequency
RF EMF, see Radio frequency
electromagnetic field
Rheobase, for brain-cell stimulation, 340
Risk management, 358–359
Rotational/twisting forces, 348
RT techniques, see Ray-tracing techniques
S
Saccharomyces cerelisiae, 73
Safety risks, 348–349
SAM, see Specific anthropomorphic
mannequin
SAR, see Specific absorption rate
Scalar potential finite difference (SPFD)
method, 204–205, 218–219,
227–229, 241
Scanner, 285
Schottky barrier diodes (SBDs), 380
Second-level controlled operating mode,
MRI, 353
Semianalytical solution method, 233–234
Sensor networks, 40
Short-term plasticity (STP), 135
Index
Short-wave diathermy (SWD), 337, 358
Signature gene expression profile,
THz radiation, 408–410
Simulation uncertainty, 279
Singlet–triplet (S–T) transitions, 125
Sinusoidal fields, 341
Skeletal muscle anisotropy, 228
Skeletal system, 138–139
Skin
anatomy, 389–391
optical properties of, 392
SMFs, see Static magnetic fields
Smoluchowski equation, 79, 80, 83
Smoluchowski theory, 85
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER), 142
Spatial coding, 346
Specific absorption rate (SAR), 24, 207, 214,
262, 298, 335, 397
anatomical features on, 35
assessment, 349
distribution, 33, 294, 296, 300, 301, 356
fetal exposure, 351
for magnetic heating mechanism, 336
measurement of, 27, 28
on millimeter-wave, 62–63
mobile phones
coupling of RF energy, 27–28, 31–33
quantity of, 26
restrictions, 353
Specific anthropomorphic mannequin
(SAM), 28
phantom, conservativeness of, 282
Spectroscopic fingerprint region, 372–375
Spectrum analyzers, 284
SPFD method, see Scalar potential finite
difference method
Spherical coordinate system, 12
Spherical dielectric models, 234
Spherical head model
electromagnetic pulse waveform in, 58
Gaussian electromagnetic pulse, 48–50
Spheroidal cell model, 85–86
Spin–lattice time constant, 346
SPIONs, see Superparamagnetic iron oxide
nanoparticles
Standing-wave phenomenon, 22
Static electric fields, 7–9
Static magnetic fields (SMFs), 73, 342–343,
347–349
in cardiac pacemakers, 351
energy, coupling from handheld mobile
phones, 26
plane waves, characteristics, 22
radiation, 3
reflection/transmission, 21–22
surgery, 357–358
Radiofrequency (RF) field
coupling
to bodies with curvature, 22–24
in far field/near field, 24–25, 39–40
and energy deposition, 20–21
Ray-tracing (RT) techniques, 278
Reactive field, 14
Reactive nitrogen species (RNS), 118
Reactive oxygen species (ROS), 118
Reactive region zone, 14
Regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed
and secreted (RANTES), 148
Relative permittivity, of cell membrane,
100, 101
Remote patient monitoring, 356
Remote wireless data transmission, 345
Resonant tunneling diodes (RTDs), 380
Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain
Reaction (RT-PCR), 132
RF, see Radiofrequency
RF EMF, see Radio frequency
electromagnetic field
Rheobase, for brain-cell stimulation, 340
Risk management, 358–359
Rotational/twisting forces, 348
RT techniques, see Ray-tracing techniques
S
Saccharomyces cerelisiae, 73
Safety risks, 348–349
SAM, see Specific anthropomorphic
mannequin
SAR, see Specific absorption rate
Scalar potential finite difference (SPFD)
method, 204–205, 218–219,
227–229, 241
Scanner, 285
Schottky barrier diodes (SBDs), 380
Second-level controlled operating mode,
MRI, 353
Semianalytical solution method, 233–234
Sensor networks, 40
Short-term plasticity (STP), 135
Index
Short-wave diathermy (SWD), 337, 358
Signature gene expression profile,
THz radiation, 408–410
Simulation uncertainty, 279
Singlet–triplet (S–T) transitions, 125
Sinusoidal fields, 341
Skeletal muscle anisotropy, 228
Skeletal system, 138–139
Skin
anatomy, 389–391
optical properties of, 392
SMFs, see Static magnetic fields
Smoluchowski equation, 79, 80, 83
Smoluchowski theory, 85
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER), 142
Spatial coding, 346
Specific absorption rate (SAR), 24, 207, 214,
262, 298, 335, 397
anatomical features on, 35
assessment, 349
distribution, 33, 294, 296, 300, 301, 356
fetal exposure, 351
for magnetic heating mechanism, 336
measurement of, 27, 28
on millimeter-wave, 62–63
mobile phones
coupling of RF energy, 27–28, 31–33
quantity of, 26
restrictions, 353
Specific anthropomorphic mannequin
(SAM), 28
phantom, conservativeness of, 282
Spectroscopic fingerprint region, 372–375
Spectrum analyzers, 284
SPFD method, see Scalar potential finite
difference method
Spherical coordinate system, 12
Spherical dielectric models, 234
Spherical head model
electromagnetic pulse waveform in, 58
Gaussian electromagnetic pulse, 48–50
Spheroidal cell model, 85–86
Spin–lattice time constant, 346
SPIONs, see Superparamagnetic iron oxide
nanoparticles
Standing-wave phenomenon, 22
Static electric fields, 7–9
Static magnetic fields (SMFs), 73, 342–343,
347–349
in cardiac pacemakers, 351