Figure 4.5 The visualized realistic phantom human models. The top figure: the external view,
skeleton, major vessels, and organs of the three-dimensional anatomical body phantom model
developed by the University of Victoria. (From Stuchly, M. A., and T. W. Dawson. 2000. Interaction
of low-frequency electric and magnetic fields with the human body. Proc IEEE 88:641–64. With
permission.) The middle two figures: high-resolution three-dimensional image of a male body
model called NORMAN (left). The body is divided into over 8 million 2-mm voxels. The tissue
type of each voxel is defined (http://www.hpa.org.uk/Topics/Radiation/UnderstandingRadiation/
InformationSheets/info_EmfModelling/); volume-rendered images of NAOMI (right). (From
Dimbylow, P. J. 2005. Development of the female voxel phantom, NAOMI, and its application
to calculations of induced current densities and electric fields from applied low frequency magnetic and electric fields. Phys Med Biol 50:1047–70. With permission.) The bottom two figures:
the orthogonal section display and bone enhancement image for both Japanese male and female
models (left) (courtesy of T. Nagaoka, NICT) and the high-resolution whole-body human models
of the Virtual Family developed by the Foundation for Research on Information Technologies in
Society (right). (From Christ, A. et al. 2010. The Virtual Family-development of anatomical CAD
models of two adults and two children for dosimetric stimulations. Phys Med Biol 55:N23–38.
With permission.)
skeleton, major vessels, and organs of the three-dimensional anatomical body phantom model
developed by the University of Victoria. (From Stuchly, M. A., and T. W. Dawson. 2000. Interaction
of low-frequency electric and magnetic fields with the human body. Proc IEEE 88:641–64. With
permission.) The middle two figures: high-resolution three-dimensional image of a male body
model called NORMAN (left). The body is divided into over 8 million 2-mm voxels. The tissue
type of each voxel is defined (http://www.hpa.org.uk/Topics/Radiation/UnderstandingRadiation/
InformationSheets/info_EmfModelling/); volume-rendered images of NAOMI (right). (From
Dimbylow, P. J. 2005. Development of the female voxel phantom, NAOMI, and its application
to calculations of induced current densities and electric fields from applied low frequency magnetic and electric fields. Phys Med Biol 50:1047–70. With permission.) The bottom two figures:
the orthogonal section display and bone enhancement image for both Japanese male and female
models (left) (courtesy of T. Nagaoka, NICT) and the high-resolution whole-body human models
of the Virtual Family developed by the Foundation for Research on Information Technologies in
Society (right). (From Christ, A. et al. 2010. The Virtual Family-development of anatomical CAD
models of two adults and two children for dosimetric stimulations. Phys Med Biol 55:N23–38.
With permission.)