Author
Current Density (mA/m 2 )
Method and Comments
Bottauscio and Conti
Calculated maximum values: 0.13
50
Hz,
380-kV
transmission
line
(1999)
in the brain for MF and 0.17 for
(2.6−3
kV/m,
16−21 μT): BEM
EF beneath power line: 2.7 for
calculation for human body model
0.19−0.51 mT (TOP) during
with main organs exposed to EMF
live-line working on power line
beneath a transmission line and
exposed to MF in the proximity of a
conductor of a transmission line
Bottauscio, Chiampi,
The electric field is the prevalent
50
Hz,
three-phase
380-kV
and Zilberti (2009)
source for the induced current
transmission line, balanced 1500 A
density when the human body
(scenario A: human body is placed
model is placed in position A.
2 m from the closed phase; B:
positioned below the central bar):
three-dimensional BEM calculation
for homogeneous axisymmetric
human model (reference human
body in IEC standards)
Cech, Leitgeb, and
Calculated maximum values:
50
Hz,
5
kV/m,
100 μT: FIT
Pediaditis (2008)
10.1−10.3 for simultaneous EF
calculation for whole body,
and MF exposure to grounded
MRI-based, 2-mm voxel resolution,
model
pregnant woman model
Dawson, Caputa, and
Calculated average values:
60 Hz, 1 μT (AP, LAT, and TOP):
Stuchly (1997c)
2.78 × 10 −3 for LAT, 3.37 × 10 −3
SPFD calculation for anatomical,
for AP, and 2.34 × 10 −3 for TOP in
MRI-based, 3.6-mm resolution
full body; 4.28 × 10 −3 for LAT,
human body model
5.22 × 10 −3 for AP, and 3.57 × 10 −3
for TOP in muscle
Dimbylow (2005)
Calculated average values in the
50
Hz,
1
kV/m,
1
mT:
SPFD
retina: 0.217 in grounded
calculation for MRI-based, 2-mm
MAOMI (EF); 0.13 in
resolution voxel female model,
ungrounded (EF); 2.71 for AP,
NAOMI
4.89 for LAT, and 2.79 for TOP
Dimbylow (2006)
Fetal calculated values averaged
50
Hz,
1
kV/m,
1
mT:
SPFD
over 1 cm 2 : 2.21 in the brain at 26
calculation for whole-body,
weeks for AP, 2.92 for LAT, 1.89
MRI-based, 2-mm resolution hybrid
for TOP, For Naomi; 2.98 in the
voxel-mathematical models of the
brain for AP, 4.89 in the retina for
pregnant female, NAOMI
LAT and 2.79 in the retina for
TOP
Dimbylow (2010)
Calculated maximum value: 0.32
50
Hz,
1
kV/m,
1
mT:
Models:
for
EF,
the
Virtual
Family,
female,
NORMAN, NAOMI, TARO,
Ella, and 7 for MF TARO
HANAKO,
the
Virtual
Family:
SPFD
and quasistatic potential equation
method calculation for various
postures
(Continued)
235
Interaction of Extremely Low–Frequency Electromagnetic Fields
Table 4.5 Examples of Calculated and Measured Current Densities in Human Models
Exposed to Electromagnetic Fields
Current Density (mA/m 2 )
Method and Comments
Bottauscio and Conti
Calculated maximum values: 0.13
50
Hz,
380-kV
transmission
line
(1999)
in the brain for MF and 0.17 for
(2.6−3
kV/m,
16−21 μT): BEM
EF beneath power line: 2.7 for
calculation for human body model
0.19−0.51 mT (TOP) during
with main organs exposed to EMF
live-line working on power line
beneath a transmission line and
exposed to MF in the proximity of a
conductor of a transmission line
Bottauscio, Chiampi,
The electric field is the prevalent
50
Hz,
three-phase
380-kV
and Zilberti (2009)
source for the induced current
transmission line, balanced 1500 A
density when the human body
(scenario A: human body is placed
model is placed in position A.
2 m from the closed phase; B:
positioned below the central bar):
three-dimensional BEM calculation
for homogeneous axisymmetric
human model (reference human
body in IEC standards)
Cech, Leitgeb, and
Calculated maximum values:
50
Hz,
5
kV/m,
100 μT: FIT
Pediaditis (2008)
10.1−10.3 for simultaneous EF
calculation for whole body,
and MF exposure to grounded
MRI-based, 2-mm voxel resolution,
model
pregnant woman model
Dawson, Caputa, and
Calculated average values:
60 Hz, 1 μT (AP, LAT, and TOP):
Stuchly (1997c)
2.78 × 10 −3 for LAT, 3.37 × 10 −3
SPFD calculation for anatomical,
for AP, and 2.34 × 10 −3 for TOP in
MRI-based, 3.6-mm resolution
full body; 4.28 × 10 −3 for LAT,
human body model
5.22 × 10 −3 for AP, and 3.57 × 10 −3
for TOP in muscle
Dimbylow (2005)
Calculated average values in the
50
Hz,
1
kV/m,
1
mT:
SPFD
retina: 0.217 in grounded
calculation for MRI-based, 2-mm
MAOMI (EF); 0.13 in
resolution voxel female model,
ungrounded (EF); 2.71 for AP,
NAOMI
4.89 for LAT, and 2.79 for TOP
Dimbylow (2006)
Fetal calculated values averaged
50
Hz,
1
kV/m,
1
mT:
SPFD
over 1 cm 2 : 2.21 in the brain at 26
calculation for whole-body,
weeks for AP, 2.92 for LAT, 1.89
MRI-based, 2-mm resolution hybrid
for TOP, For Naomi; 2.98 in the
voxel-mathematical models of the
brain for AP, 4.89 in the retina for
pregnant female, NAOMI
LAT and 2.79 in the retina for
TOP
Dimbylow (2010)
Calculated maximum value: 0.32
50
Hz,
1
kV/m,
1
mT:
Models:
for
EF,
the
Virtual
Family,
female,
NORMAN, NAOMI, TARO,
Ella, and 7 for MF TARO
HANAKO,
the
Virtual
Family:
SPFD
and quasistatic potential equation
method calculation for various
postures
(Continued)
235
Interaction of Extremely Low–Frequency Electromagnetic Fields
Table 4.5 Examples of Calculated and Measured Current Densities in Human Models
Exposed to Electromagnetic Fields