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Interaction of Extremely Low–Frequency Electromagnetic Fields
Table 4.2 Examples of Calculated and Measured Current Densities in Simple
Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Human Models Exposed to Electric Field (Continued)
Author
Current Density (mA/m 2 )
Method and Comments
Guy et al. (1982)
Measured average values: (24–26)
60 Hz, 1 kV/m: Thermographic
× 10 −2 for neck (ungrounded model):
measurement of homogeneous
33 × 10 −3 to 43 × 10 −2 for neck
grounded and ungrounded
(grounded model)
human model at 57 MHz and
extrapolated to 60 Hz.
Hart (1990)
Calculated values : 5.44 for neck and
60 Hz, 10 kV/m: Spreadsheet
14.7 for knee of grounded model
calculation of grounded block,
homogeneous human model
with irregular shape
Kaune and Phillips
Measured average values: 5.5 for neck
60 Hz, 10 kV/m: grounded
(1980)
and 20 for feet
human model
Kaune and Forsyth
Measured peak values: 3.75 for neck
60 Hz, 10 kV/m: homogeneous
(1985)
and 3.3 for abdomen (current density
grounded saline-filled human
data can be extrapolated to 1 MHz)
model
Matsumoto et al. (2004)
Calculated values: 2.0 in grounded
60 Hz, 1 kV/m: surface charge/
model and 1.1 in ungrounded model
finite-element calculation in
located 0.01 m above the ground
grounded and ungrounded
human model
Min et al. (1996)
Induced current in human model is
765-kV transmission line:
less than 0.5 mA
electrostatic effects on hot-line
workers
Motrescu and van
Calculated values: 0.679 for neck and
50 Hz, 5.796 kV/m (765-kV
Rienen (2005)
3.682 for ankle in grounded model
transmission line): finiteintegration technique
calculation for human model
with anisotropic muscle tissue
Myung, Lee, and
The short-circuit current: 0.3–6.8 mA
765-kV transmission line:
Huh (1998)
electrostatic effects on standing
human model
Poljak and Rashed
Calculated value: 0.013
60 Hz, 1.081 kV/m: GB-BEM
(2002)
calculation for cylindrical
human body model
Spiegel (1977b)
Calculated values: 3.4 for chest of
60 Hz, 765-kV transmission line:
grounded man, 4.7 for chest of
method of moment calculation
linemen
in cylindrical segmented
human model
Spiegel (1981)
Calculated values: 1.60 for neck and 6.7 60 Hz, 10 kV/m: polarization
for ankle (for grounded dummy); 1.20
integral equation calculation
for neck and 1.62 for ankle (in
for grounded and ungrounded
ungrounded model)
human model consisting of
small cubical blocks
Techaumnat et al. (2000)
Calculated average values: 0.0004 for
50 Hz, 1 V/m: BEM calculation
neck and 0.001 for leg (for
in human model with
homogeneous model)
second-order curved elements