d GL
½ Š=dt ¼ k 7 TG
½ Š A
½ Š
The rate of formation of ester is
d E
½ Š=dt ¼ k 7 TG
½ Š A
½ Š
For backward overall chemical reaction (6.4):
The rate of decomposition of glycerol is
Àd GL
½ Š=dt ¼ k 8 GL
½ Š E
½ Š
The rate of decomposition of ester is
Àd E
½ Š=dt ¼ k 8 GL
½ Š E
½ Š
The rate of formation of triglyceride is
d TG
½ Š=dt ¼ k 8 GL
½ Š E
½ Š
The rate of formation of alcohol is
d A
½ Š=dt ¼ k 8 GL
½ Š E
½ Š
The overall reaction rate for triglyceride is
d TG
½ Š=dt ¼ k 2 DG
½ Š E
½ Š À k 1 TG
½ Š A
½ Š þ k 8 GL
½ Š E
½ Š À k 7 TG
½ Š A
½ Š
ð6:5Þ
The overall reaction rate for diglyceride is
d DG
½ Š=dt ¼ Àk 2 DG
½ Š E
½ Š þ k 1 TG
½ Š A
½ Š À k 3 DG
½ Š A
½ Š þ k 4 MG
½
Š E
½ Š
ð6:6Þ
The overall reaction rate for monoglyceride is
d MG
½
Š=dt ¼ k 3 DG
½ Š A
½ Š À k 4 MG
½
Š E
½ Š þ k 6 GL
½ Š E
½ Š À k 5 MG
½
Š A
½ Š
ð6:7Þ
The overall reaction rate for glycerol is
d GL
½ Š=dt ¼ k 5 MG
½
Š A
½ Š À k 6 GL
½ Š E
½ Š þ k 7 TG
½ Š A
½ Š À k 8 GL
½ Š E
½ Š
ð6:8Þ
The overall reaction rate of alcohol is
6 Process Modelling and Simulation of Biodiesel Synthesis Reaction for Non-edible. . .
153