Chapter 6
Process Modelling and Simulation
of Biodiesel Synthesis Reaction
for Non-edible Yellow Oleander (Yellow
Bells) Oil and Waste Chicken Fat
Selvaraju Sivamani, Ayyanar Manickam, Subramaniam Karthiban,
Shanmugam Karthikeyan, and Muthusamy Balajii
Abstract Biodiesel attracts much attention among researchers due to utilization of
residual oils and fats as feedstocks and solid materials as heterogeneous catalysts. A
transesterification between triglyceride and alcohol with a catalyst produces biodiesel.
The aim of the chapter is to present the mathematical modelling and process simulation
of transesterification reaction from non-edible yellow oleander (Thevetia peruviana)
oil and waste chicken fat. Seeds of T. peruviana were collected, extracted oil and
reacted with methyl alcohol and ethyl alcohol using alkaline potassium hydroxide as a
catalyst to produce biodiesel. Oil was extracted from waste chicken fat and reacted
with methyl alcohol using Candida rugosa lipase as a catalyst to produce biodiesel.
Keywords Yellow oleander oil · Waste chicken fat · Transesterification · Biodiesel ·
Modelling · Simulation
6.1 Introduction
Biodiesel is a mixture of fatty acid mono-alkyl esters (FAMAE) prepared from
vegetable oils and animal fats (Balajii and Niju 2020). The major sources of
biodiesel are oil-rich fodder crops and residual fats (Sivamani et al. 2019). The
plant sources for oil-rich fodder crops include Pongamia pinnata (karanja), Jatropha
S. Sivamani (*)
Department of Biotechnology, Kumaraguru College of Technology, Coimbatore, India
Engineering Department, Salalah College of Technology, Salalah, Oman
A. Manickam · S. Karthiban · S. Karthikeyan
Department of Biotechnology, Kumaraguru College of Technology, Coimbatore, India
M. Balajii
Department of Biotechnology, P. S. G. College of Technology, Coimbatore, India
© The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2021
M. Srivastava et al. (eds.), Bioenergy Research: Revisiting Latest Development,
Clean Energy Production Technologies,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-4615-4_6
129
Process Modelling and Simulation
of Biodiesel Synthesis Reaction
for Non-edible Yellow Oleander (Yellow
Bells) Oil and Waste Chicken Fat
Selvaraju Sivamani, Ayyanar Manickam, Subramaniam Karthiban,
Shanmugam Karthikeyan, and Muthusamy Balajii
Abstract Biodiesel attracts much attention among researchers due to utilization of
residual oils and fats as feedstocks and solid materials as heterogeneous catalysts. A
transesterification between triglyceride and alcohol with a catalyst produces biodiesel.
The aim of the chapter is to present the mathematical modelling and process simulation
of transesterification reaction from non-edible yellow oleander (Thevetia peruviana)
oil and waste chicken fat. Seeds of T. peruviana were collected, extracted oil and
reacted with methyl alcohol and ethyl alcohol using alkaline potassium hydroxide as a
catalyst to produce biodiesel. Oil was extracted from waste chicken fat and reacted
with methyl alcohol using Candida rugosa lipase as a catalyst to produce biodiesel.
Keywords Yellow oleander oil · Waste chicken fat · Transesterification · Biodiesel ·
Modelling · Simulation
6.1 Introduction
Biodiesel is a mixture of fatty acid mono-alkyl esters (FAMAE) prepared from
vegetable oils and animal fats (Balajii and Niju 2020). The major sources of
biodiesel are oil-rich fodder crops and residual fats (Sivamani et al. 2019). The
plant sources for oil-rich fodder crops include Pongamia pinnata (karanja), Jatropha
S. Sivamani (*)
Department of Biotechnology, Kumaraguru College of Technology, Coimbatore, India
Engineering Department, Salalah College of Technology, Salalah, Oman
A. Manickam · S. Karthiban · S. Karthikeyan
Department of Biotechnology, Kumaraguru College of Technology, Coimbatore, India
M. Balajii
Department of Biotechnology, P. S. G. College of Technology, Coimbatore, India
© The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2021
M. Srivastava et al. (eds.), Bioenergy Research: Revisiting Latest Development,
Clean Energy Production Technologies,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-4615-4_6
129