431
Index
covariance, in quantum mechanics,
49–52
covariant derivative, 52
field, 55
invariance, 22, 42–52, 198, 237
and charge conservation, 47, 206–
208
in classical electromagnetism, 45–
48
in Compton scattering, 251–252,
264
as dynamical principle, 52–61
and masslessness of photon, 22,
25, 336
and Maxwell equations, 45–48
and photon polarization states,
197–199
of QED, 205, 237
in quantum mechanics, 49–52
and Schr¨ odinger current, 51
and Ward identity, 251–252
parameter, 205
physical results independent of,
205
principle, 52, 55–61, 206
theories, 23, 25–26, 35, 41–48
transformation, 45–47, 49
and quantum mechanics, 49–52
Gauss’s divergence theorem, 393
Gauss’s law, 43, 369
General relativity, 48
Generations, 4, 9
and anomalies, 11
g factor, 81
prediction of g = 2 from Dirac equation, 81–83
QED corrections to, 83, 348–352
Ginzburg–Landau theory, 32
Glashow–Iliopoulos–Maiani (GIM) mechanism, 9
Glashow–Salam–Weinberg (GSW) theory,
4, 15, 26–27, 29, 32
renormalizability of, 31–33
Gluon, 27, 29–30, 282
momentum sum rule, 282
Golden Rule, 403
Goldstone quantum, 336
Gordon decomposition of current, 260,
267
Gravity, 4
Green function, 166, 393–398
Group, 57
U(1), 57
Gupta–Bleuler formalism, 203–204
Hadron, 8
Hamiltonian, 128–141, 149, 187, 193, 204,
235
for charged particle in electromagnetic field, 49
classical, 128
density, 135, 139
Dirac, 193, 207
Klein–Gordon, 145–146
Maxwell, 204
operator, 129
string, 136–137
Hamilton’s equations, 128
Hand cross section for virtual photons,
278, 294
Harmonic approximation, 116–117, 120,
149
Heaviside–Lorentz units, 369–370
Heisenberg
equation of motion, 129, 142, 147–
148, 153, 406
picture (formulation) of quantum mechanics, 129–130, 153–155, 405–
406
Helicity, 73–74
conservation, 230, 295
HERA, 295
Higgs
boson, 32–34
mass, 33–34
probable discovery, 34
spin, 34
coupling constant, 343
field, 32–33, 146
and renormalizability of GSW theory, 33
mechanism, 336
sector, 34, 343
Hofstadter experiments, 8
Hole theory, 76–77
Inelastic scattering, see Scattering, e
−
proton, inelastic
Interaction picture, 153–155
Index
covariance, in quantum mechanics,
49–52
covariant derivative, 52
field, 55
invariance, 22, 42–52, 198, 237
and charge conservation, 47, 206–
208
in classical electromagnetism, 45–
48
in Compton scattering, 251–252,
264
as dynamical principle, 52–61
and masslessness of photon, 22,
25, 336
and Maxwell equations, 45–48
and photon polarization states,
197–199
of QED, 205, 237
in quantum mechanics, 49–52
and Schr¨ odinger current, 51
and Ward identity, 251–252
parameter, 205
physical results independent of,
205
principle, 52, 55–61, 206
theories, 23, 25–26, 35, 41–48
transformation, 45–47, 49
and quantum mechanics, 49–52
Gauss’s divergence theorem, 393
Gauss’s law, 43, 369
General relativity, 48
Generations, 4, 9
and anomalies, 11
g factor, 81
prediction of g = 2 from Dirac equation, 81–83
QED corrections to, 83, 348–352
Ginzburg–Landau theory, 32
Glashow–Iliopoulos–Maiani (GIM) mechanism, 9
Glashow–Salam–Weinberg (GSW) theory,
4, 15, 26–27, 29, 32
renormalizability of, 31–33
Gluon, 27, 29–30, 282
momentum sum rule, 282
Golden Rule, 403
Goldstone quantum, 336
Gordon decomposition of current, 260,
267
Gravity, 4
Green function, 166, 393–398
Group, 57
U(1), 57
Gupta–Bleuler formalism, 203–204
Hadron, 8
Hamiltonian, 128–141, 149, 187, 193, 204,
235
for charged particle in electromagnetic field, 49
classical, 128
density, 135, 139
Dirac, 193, 207
Klein–Gordon, 145–146
Maxwell, 204
operator, 129
string, 136–137
Hamilton’s equations, 128
Hand cross section for virtual photons,
278, 294
Harmonic approximation, 116–117, 120,
149
Heaviside–Lorentz units, 369–370
Heisenberg
equation of motion, 129, 142, 147–
148, 153, 406
picture (formulation) of quantum mechanics, 129–130, 153–155, 405–
406
Helicity, 73–74
conservation, 230, 295
HERA, 295
Higgs
boson, 32–34
mass, 33–34
probable discovery, 34
spin, 34
coupling constant, 343
field, 32–33, 146
and renormalizability of GSW theory, 33
mechanism, 336
sector, 34, 343
Hofstadter experiments, 8
Hole theory, 76–77
Inelastic scattering, see Scattering, e
−
proton, inelastic
Interaction picture, 153–155