460
K. Kubiak-Wójcicka et al.
13. The solution of eutrophication in surface waters of Poland requires the systematic approach to the development and implementation of comprehensive technical, technological, organizational and legal measures covering the whole
catchment and all sources of biogenic matter discharge. The comprehensive
action plan to combat eutrophication should first of all take into account the
development of the scientifically justified and efficient system of measures to
achieve water state improvement. This is of practical and economic importance
and allows the proper identification of priority tasks and avoid unprofitable and
expensive investments.
14. The problem of monitoring the quantity and quality of water in a small agricultural catchment on the example of Struga Toru´ nska could be illustrative for
other regions in Poland. It is indicated that flow disorders are caused by natural
factors (climate change) and human activity, mainly by intensive plant cultivation and the influence of the nearby city of Toru´ n. The water cycle is disturbed,
environmental pollution is increasing, soil degradation is progressing, biodiversity decreases. Conducted since 1994 comprehensive environmental studies,
including abiotic and biotic ones in the Struga Toru´ nska catchment, should be
continued. The results of these studies allow to analyze the energy and matter
flow in this area. They allow understanding of the threats caused by natural
factors and human activity.
15. The analysis of Water And Wastewater Management Condition In Poland shows
that the availability of water supply and sewerage infrastructure in Poland is not
sufficient. The disproportion between the length of the water supply system and
the sewerage system is particularly evident. In the next financial perspective
European Union, emphasis should be put on building sewerage infrastructure
in rural areas, but also on modernizing the existing infrastructure in urban areas.
Based on the analysis, areas in Poland have been identified in which the water
and sewerage infrastructure requires significant improvement. Lack of financing
or small expenditure on investments related to water management indicate areas
that require state aid in financing water and sewage management. It also shows
which elements of the policy have contributed to the development of water and
wastewater management.
16. The water cycle and degradation of the aquatic environment is the most important in urban areas. In Polish cities, what gains special significance is man—
water environment interactions. Sustainable development is necessary for these
areas, taking into account the multidirectional needs of the population, economy
as well as the water environment. The identification of such problems is necessary when preparing hydrotechnical projects and forecasts of investments’
impact on the environment. This information can be used to develop expert
opinions and analyzes related to the maintenance of river channels throughput
and drainage systems, together with limiting surface runoff, etc.
17. Multidimensional aspect of the water resources management in metropolitan
areas is a significant issue that needs to discuss the problem related to the risk
of non-attainment of environmental goals in metropolitan areas. The increasing
pressure on existing water resources and the risk of flooding make it necessary
K. Kubiak-Wójcicka et al.
13. The solution of eutrophication in surface waters of Poland requires the systematic approach to the development and implementation of comprehensive technical, technological, organizational and legal measures covering the whole
catchment and all sources of biogenic matter discharge. The comprehensive
action plan to combat eutrophication should first of all take into account the
development of the scientifically justified and efficient system of measures to
achieve water state improvement. This is of practical and economic importance
and allows the proper identification of priority tasks and avoid unprofitable and
expensive investments.
14. The problem of monitoring the quantity and quality of water in a small agricultural catchment on the example of Struga Toru´ nska could be illustrative for
other regions in Poland. It is indicated that flow disorders are caused by natural
factors (climate change) and human activity, mainly by intensive plant cultivation and the influence of the nearby city of Toru´ n. The water cycle is disturbed,
environmental pollution is increasing, soil degradation is progressing, biodiversity decreases. Conducted since 1994 comprehensive environmental studies,
including abiotic and biotic ones in the Struga Toru´ nska catchment, should be
continued. The results of these studies allow to analyze the energy and matter
flow in this area. They allow understanding of the threats caused by natural
factors and human activity.
15. The analysis of Water And Wastewater Management Condition In Poland shows
that the availability of water supply and sewerage infrastructure in Poland is not
sufficient. The disproportion between the length of the water supply system and
the sewerage system is particularly evident. In the next financial perspective
European Union, emphasis should be put on building sewerage infrastructure
in rural areas, but also on modernizing the existing infrastructure in urban areas.
Based on the analysis, areas in Poland have been identified in which the water
and sewerage infrastructure requires significant improvement. Lack of financing
or small expenditure on investments related to water management indicate areas
that require state aid in financing water and sewage management. It also shows
which elements of the policy have contributed to the development of water and
wastewater management.
16. The water cycle and degradation of the aquatic environment is the most important in urban areas. In Polish cities, what gains special significance is man—
water environment interactions. Sustainable development is necessary for these
areas, taking into account the multidirectional needs of the population, economy
as well as the water environment. The identification of such problems is necessary when preparing hydrotechnical projects and forecasts of investments’
impact on the environment. This information can be used to develop expert
opinions and analyzes related to the maintenance of river channels throughput
and drainage systems, together with limiting surface runoff, etc.
17. Multidimensional aspect of the water resources management in metropolitan
areas is a significant issue that needs to discuss the problem related to the risk
of non-attainment of environmental goals in metropolitan areas. The increasing
pressure on existing water resources and the risk of flooding make it necessary