456
K. Kubiak-Wójcicka et al.
3. Artificial water bodies in Poland mostly serve numerous functions despite
the many environmental protection problems related to the lentic water
environment, e.g. eutrophication, salinisation.
4. Irrigation and drainage systems should be rebuilt and modernized to inhibit
and control the outflow of water from the systems and to create favourable
conditions for water retention, for controlling water discharge and effective
water management in agricultural land.
5. Poland’s main rivers varied significantly in pollutant contents along their
courses. At the majority of study sites on the main rivers, the values of indicators of mineral, organic and biogenic pollutants did not exceed the water quality
standards.
6. Although continuous monitoring of water quality is not yet so perfect for
excluding the necessity of measurements with traditional methods and expensive laboratory analyses, it shows the direction where modern water quality
testing methodology is heading.
7. Mathematical models for the simulation of water quality and ecosystems of
lakes and reservoirs are continuously developed and used widely over the last
decades proving their usefulness in studies of processes occurring in water
bodies and in assessments of impacts.
8. Wastewater management in cities and recreation centers around lakes should
be regulated and controlled. Balanced vegetation should help as a barrier that
limits nutrient migration to lakes.
9. The Southern Baltic Sea coast is one of the regions in which the risk assessment
of both fresh groundwater resources and intake of admissible volumes, defined
as a safe maximum yield, is a complex problem. Salt and brackish waters that
occur along the coastal Baltic lowlands in Poland originate from the seawater
intrusion.
10. The groundwater of the Jurassic, Cretaceous as well as Palaeogene and
Neogene aquifers in Poland has had a stable chemical composition. The greatest
variability is revealed by the groundwater of the Quaternary aquifer.
11. Considering constant hydromorphological changes in river channels and water
reservoirs caused by anthropogenic and natural influences, adaptation and
optimization of sediment management strategies is an endless task. Sediment
management in Poland is part of the tasks defined by River Basin Management
Plans (RBMP).
12. The most important natural factor determining water chemistry in the
Carpathians is geology. Stream water and spring water chemistry in the
Carpathians change primarily due to hydrologic factors—changes in discharge.
Anthropogenic factors affecting water chemistry in the Carpathians include acid
rain, deforestation, agriculture, and tourist-generated wastewater.
13. The basis for the development of protective measures directed to achievement
and maintaining the good status of surface waters is the reliable information on
their actual trophic state. This information can be obtained within the properly
organized system of monitoring based on appropriate methods of trophic status
assessment.
K. Kubiak-Wójcicka et al.
3. Artificial water bodies in Poland mostly serve numerous functions despite
the many environmental protection problems related to the lentic water
environment, e.g. eutrophication, salinisation.
4. Irrigation and drainage systems should be rebuilt and modernized to inhibit
and control the outflow of water from the systems and to create favourable
conditions for water retention, for controlling water discharge and effective
water management in agricultural land.
5. Poland’s main rivers varied significantly in pollutant contents along their
courses. At the majority of study sites on the main rivers, the values of indicators of mineral, organic and biogenic pollutants did not exceed the water quality
standards.
6. Although continuous monitoring of water quality is not yet so perfect for
excluding the necessity of measurements with traditional methods and expensive laboratory analyses, it shows the direction where modern water quality
testing methodology is heading.
7. Mathematical models for the simulation of water quality and ecosystems of
lakes and reservoirs are continuously developed and used widely over the last
decades proving their usefulness in studies of processes occurring in water
bodies and in assessments of impacts.
8. Wastewater management in cities and recreation centers around lakes should
be regulated and controlled. Balanced vegetation should help as a barrier that
limits nutrient migration to lakes.
9. The Southern Baltic Sea coast is one of the regions in which the risk assessment
of both fresh groundwater resources and intake of admissible volumes, defined
as a safe maximum yield, is a complex problem. Salt and brackish waters that
occur along the coastal Baltic lowlands in Poland originate from the seawater
intrusion.
10. The groundwater of the Jurassic, Cretaceous as well as Palaeogene and
Neogene aquifers in Poland has had a stable chemical composition. The greatest
variability is revealed by the groundwater of the Quaternary aquifer.
11. Considering constant hydromorphological changes in river channels and water
reservoirs caused by anthropogenic and natural influences, adaptation and
optimization of sediment management strategies is an endless task. Sediment
management in Poland is part of the tasks defined by River Basin Management
Plans (RBMP).
12. The most important natural factor determining water chemistry in the
Carpathians is geology. Stream water and spring water chemistry in the
Carpathians change primarily due to hydrologic factors—changes in discharge.
Anthropogenic factors affecting water chemistry in the Carpathians include acid
rain, deforestation, agriculture, and tourist-generated wastewater.
13. The basis for the development of protective measures directed to achievement
and maintaining the good status of surface waters is the reliable information on
their actual trophic state. This information can be obtained within the properly
organized system of monitoring based on appropriate methods of trophic status
assessment.