14 Surface Water Eutrophication in Poland: Assessment and Prevention
333
2010, 2015 and 2017. Within NPMWW implementation in 2003 it was built 2016
84.8 thousand km of sewage network and 403 new municipal wastewater treatment
plants; 1575 investments were carried out in the scope of modernization and/or extension of municipal wastewater treatment plants. The total investment cost was PLN
63.8 billion [43] (Figs. 14.2, 14.3 and 14.4).
As a result of the implemented investments in Poland, the improvement of wastewater management was observed: the amount of untreated wastewater discharged to
water environment decreased significantly, and the load of nutrients was reduced
accordingly (Fig. 14.5).
Among the countries signatory to the Helsinki Convention, Poland discharges
the most significant loads of nutrients to the Baltic Sea and considered to be the
greatest polluter of the sea. It is conditioned by a large catchment area, the share of
agricultural lands (almost 50% of total agricultural areas of Baltic sea catchment)
and high population density (almost 45% of the population of Baltic sea catchment
live in Poland) [45].
Fig. 14.2 Number of
population served by
wastewater treatment plants
in Poland, 2016 in % of total
population (on the base of
[4])
13,7
59,7
Biological
With increased nutrients removal
Fig. 14.3 Number of
population served by
wastewater treatment plants
in Poland in cities and
villages, in % of total
population (on the base of
[4])
333
2010, 2015 and 2017. Within NPMWW implementation in 2003 it was built 2016
84.8 thousand km of sewage network and 403 new municipal wastewater treatment
plants; 1575 investments were carried out in the scope of modernization and/or extension of municipal wastewater treatment plants. The total investment cost was PLN
63.8 billion [43] (Figs. 14.2, 14.3 and 14.4).
As a result of the implemented investments in Poland, the improvement of wastewater management was observed: the amount of untreated wastewater discharged to
water environment decreased significantly, and the load of nutrients was reduced
accordingly (Fig. 14.5).
Among the countries signatory to the Helsinki Convention, Poland discharges
the most significant loads of nutrients to the Baltic Sea and considered to be the
greatest polluter of the sea. It is conditioned by a large catchment area, the share of
agricultural lands (almost 50% of total agricultural areas of Baltic sea catchment)
and high population density (almost 45% of the population of Baltic sea catchment
live in Poland) [45].
Fig. 14.2 Number of
population served by
wastewater treatment plants
in Poland, 2016 in % of total
population (on the base of
[4])
13,7
59,7
Biological
With increased nutrients removal
Fig. 14.3 Number of
population served by
wastewater treatment plants
in Poland in cities and
villages, in % of total
population (on the base of
[4])