Table 3
(continued)
Leaf species
Contaminant
Water used
for the
experiment
Light/dark
cycle
Leaf disc size
(diameter)
Length of the
feeding study
Drying temperature and
time (before and after
exposure)
Starvation Equation used
References
Alnus
glutinosa
Ex situ and in situ
feeding assay
Ex situ
experiment:
In situ experiment:
River water
Ex situ
experiment:
10:14
In situ
experiment:
2.0 cm
Ex situ:
20 discs per
20 gammarids
In situ:
20 discs for
20 gammarids
Ex situ:
14 days
In situ:
7 days
Leaves:
Before and after:
photo
scanned
FRi
¼
Scontrol
ÀSi
ð
Þ
l
i,
0 þli,
t
2
À
Á
Ât
FR
i ¼ feeding rate of replicate i
S
control ¼ total surface of the control
leaf discs at the end
S
i ¼ total surface of the leaf disc at
the end of replicate i
t
¼ feeding time (days)
l
i,
0 ¼ number of living
gammarids at the start
l
i, t ¼ number of living
gamamrids at the end
Coulaud
et al. (2011)
Alnus
glutinosa
Quercus
petraea
Filtered river
water
1.0 cm
2 leaf discs at
the time, with
just one accessible to the
organism
68–72 h
Leaves:
Before: wet weight was
used
After: 65
C
Organisms:
After: 65
C
Danger
et al. (2012)
Alnus
glutinosa
Antidepressant
and fungicide
(added to the
leaves during the
conditioning or in
the water)
Filtered river
water
12:12
1.3 cm
14 days
Leaves:
Difference between initial
and
final ash-free dry mass
(AFDW)
24 h
De CastroCatalà et al.
(2017)
Alnus
glutinosa
Metals: in situ
experiment
2.1 cm
20 leaf discs at
the time for
each cage
14 days
Leaves:
Before and after: photo
scanned
FR
¼
Σ 4
i¼1
S
i, t0 ÀS
i, t7
ð
Þ
l
i,
t0 þl
i, t7
2
4
7
FR
¼ feeding rate
i
¼ (i
¼ 1
À 4) is the ith replicate
S¼
total surface of leaf discs in each
container (mm
2
)
l
¼ number of living gammarids
DedourgeGeffard
et al. (2009)
Alnus
glutinosa
Cadmium
Well water
2.0 cm
7 days
Leaves:
Before: 105
C for 24 h
After: 105
C for 24 h
Organisms:
After: 105
C for 24 h
FR
¼
Lf
ÂC
ð
ÞÀLi
WT
FR
¼ feeding rate
L
f ¼ leaf
final dry weight (mg)
L
i ¼ leaf initial dry weight (mg)
Felten et al.
(2008a)
28
G. Consolandi et al.
(continued)
Leaf species
Contaminant
Water used
for the
experiment
Light/dark
cycle
Leaf disc size
(diameter)
Length of the
feeding study
Drying temperature and
time (before and after
exposure)
Starvation Equation used
References
Alnus
glutinosa
Ex situ and in situ
feeding assay
Ex situ
experiment:
In situ experiment:
River water
Ex situ
experiment:
10:14
In situ
experiment:
2.0 cm
Ex situ:
20 discs per
20 gammarids
In situ:
20 discs for
20 gammarids
Ex situ:
14 days
In situ:
7 days
Leaves:
Before and after:
photo
scanned
FRi
¼
Scontrol
ÀSi
ð
Þ
l
i,
0 þli,
t
2
À
Á
Ât
FR
i ¼ feeding rate of replicate i
S
control ¼ total surface of the control
leaf discs at the end
S
i ¼ total surface of the leaf disc at
the end of replicate i
t
¼ feeding time (days)
l
i,
0 ¼ number of living
gammarids at the start
l
i, t ¼ number of living
gamamrids at the end
Coulaud
et al. (2011)
Alnus
glutinosa
Quercus
petraea
Filtered river
water
1.0 cm
2 leaf discs at
the time, with
just one accessible to the
organism
68–72 h
Leaves:
Before: wet weight was
used
After: 65
C
Organisms:
After: 65
C
Danger
et al. (2012)
Alnus
glutinosa
Antidepressant
and fungicide
(added to the
leaves during the
conditioning or in
the water)
Filtered river
water
12:12
1.3 cm
14 days
Leaves:
Difference between initial
and
final ash-free dry mass
(AFDW)
24 h
De CastroCatalà et al.
(2017)
Alnus
glutinosa
Metals: in situ
experiment
2.1 cm
20 leaf discs at
the time for
each cage
14 days
Leaves:
Before and after: photo
scanned
FR
¼
Σ 4
i¼1
S
i, t0 ÀS
i, t7
ð
Þ
l
i,
t0 þl
i, t7
2
4
7
FR
¼ feeding rate
i
¼ (i
¼ 1
À 4) is the ith replicate
S¼
total surface of leaf discs in each
container (mm
2
)
l
¼ number of living gammarids
DedourgeGeffard
et al. (2009)
Alnus
glutinosa
Cadmium
Well water
2.0 cm
7 days
Leaves:
Before: 105
C for 24 h
After: 105
C for 24 h
Organisms:
After: 105
C for 24 h
FR
¼
Lf
ÂC
ð
ÞÀLi
WT
FR
¼ feeding rate
L
f ¼ leaf
final dry weight (mg)
L
i ¼ leaf initial dry weight (mg)
Felten et al.
(2008a)
28
G. Consolandi et al.