39
products, and least difficult processing associated with volatile solvents (Ozcan
et al. 2009). Polymeric adsorbents can be used in heavy metal adsorption owing to
their simple regeneration and powerful mechanical characteristics compared to
other adsorbents such as activated carbon, cellulose, etc. For example, macroporous
synthetic polymeric adsorbents were used as perfect adsorbents for adsorption pollutants such as phenols from wastewater. Although polymers are preferred sorbents
for toxic cation, high price of these products may impede their use as cheap adsorbents for the large-scale production of heavy metal-free water ( Lagadic et al. 2001).
A number of local products can be used to eliminate heavy metals. Because of
the following factors, it is discovered that the adsorbents are cheaper in price, such
as natural products. The removal of heavy metals is more encouraging for agricultural waste, modified biopolymers, or industrial by-products.
• Economic
• Metal selective
• Regenerative
• Absence of poisonous sludge generation
• Metal regeneration
• High efficiency
In recent times, study has concentrated upon the usage of agronomic by-product
polymers as sorbents by the biosorption method to remove heavy metals from
industrial effluent. In addition, biopolymers pose a variety of distinct covalent functional groups, such as amines and hydroxyls, which enhance metal ion uptake effectiveness. When selecting the biomass for metal removal, consideration must be
given to the origin of the biomass. The following can be obtained from biosorbent
sources:
1. Decaying organic matter such as squid, bark, crab shell, lignin, krill, and shrimp
2. Colonies of algae
3. Microorganisms
4. Agro-related products (Li et al. 2002: Macht et al. 2010: Mitragotri and
Lahann 2009)
2.7.1 Natural Polymers as Heavy Metal Adsorbent
Natural supporting materials are generally accessible in big amounts and low price
and can be chemically altered to improve metal binding capacity. Natural polymers
are distinctive materials owing to low-cost, readily accessible, reproducible sources,
hydrophilic and stable biopolymers, secure, and free from side effects and flexible
polymers. They also have great adsorption requirements to remove pollutants from
colored wastewater, including coloring. Due to its quick and comfortable and
inscrutable to poisonous contaminants, adsorption is a preferred technique compared to other techniques. Natural polymers also have outstanding characteristics
2 Polymer Absorbents for Heavy Metal Removal
products, and least difficult processing associated with volatile solvents (Ozcan
et al. 2009). Polymeric adsorbents can be used in heavy metal adsorption owing to
their simple regeneration and powerful mechanical characteristics compared to
other adsorbents such as activated carbon, cellulose, etc. For example, macroporous
synthetic polymeric adsorbents were used as perfect adsorbents for adsorption pollutants such as phenols from wastewater. Although polymers are preferred sorbents
for toxic cation, high price of these products may impede their use as cheap adsorbents for the large-scale production of heavy metal-free water ( Lagadic et al. 2001).
A number of local products can be used to eliminate heavy metals. Because of
the following factors, it is discovered that the adsorbents are cheaper in price, such
as natural products. The removal of heavy metals is more encouraging for agricultural waste, modified biopolymers, or industrial by-products.
• Economic
• Metal selective
• Regenerative
• Absence of poisonous sludge generation
• Metal regeneration
• High efficiency
In recent times, study has concentrated upon the usage of agronomic by-product
polymers as sorbents by the biosorption method to remove heavy metals from
industrial effluent. In addition, biopolymers pose a variety of distinct covalent functional groups, such as amines and hydroxyls, which enhance metal ion uptake effectiveness. When selecting the biomass for metal removal, consideration must be
given to the origin of the biomass. The following can be obtained from biosorbent
sources:
1. Decaying organic matter such as squid, bark, crab shell, lignin, krill, and shrimp
2. Colonies of algae
3. Microorganisms
4. Agro-related products (Li et al. 2002: Macht et al. 2010: Mitragotri and
Lahann 2009)
2.7.1 Natural Polymers as Heavy Metal Adsorbent
Natural supporting materials are generally accessible in big amounts and low price
and can be chemically altered to improve metal binding capacity. Natural polymers
are distinctive materials owing to low-cost, readily accessible, reproducible sources,
hydrophilic and stable biopolymers, secure, and free from side effects and flexible
polymers. They also have great adsorption requirements to remove pollutants from
colored wastewater, including coloring. Due to its quick and comfortable and
inscrutable to poisonous contaminants, adsorption is a preferred technique compared to other techniques. Natural polymers also have outstanding characteristics
2 Polymer Absorbents for Heavy Metal Removal