143
© The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to
Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021
Inamuddin et al. (eds.), Green Adsorbents to Remove Metals, Dyes and Boron
from Polluted Water, Environmental Chemistry for a Sustainable World 49,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-47400-3_6
Chapter 6
Recovery of Heavy Metals by Membrane
Adsorbers
Yilmaz Yurekli
Contents
6.1 Introduction
144
6.2 Membrane Fabrication
147
6.2.1 Phase Inversion
148
6.3 Effect of Nanoparticles on Water Permeability
150
6.4 Effect of Nanoparticles on Antifouling
153
6.5 Effect of Nanoparticles on Heavy Metal Recovery
156
6.6 Modelling the Performance of the Membrane Adsorber
160
6.7 Concluding Remarks and Perspectives
165
References
165
Abstract Heavy metal contents in the effluents of various industrial activities have
reached to an emergency level in recent decades due to the tremendous increase in
volumetric production rate and insufficiency of the treatment methods. Recent
developments on membrane technologies have indicated that they offer reliable and
efficient methods of promising sustainable applications for supplying clean water of
a quality that satisfies human and environmental needs. The incorporation of inorganic nanoparticles in polymeric membranes, which allows the filtration and
adsorption processes to be combined in one unit, has brought a new insight to membrane materials in terms of recovery of valuable metals, high flux, and antifouling
capabilities. In this chapter, manufacturing of adsorptive membranes using phase
inversion by immersion precipitation method is introduced. Selection of nanoparticle type, size, and amount on the morphological properties of the membranes is also
addressed in this chapter. Development of a mathematical model that can predict the
long-term performances of any flat sheet or hollow fiber-based membrane adsorbers
in terms of their throughput and rejection characteristics is discussed. Finally, suggestions are also given for further development of the membrane performances in
the removal of heavy metals.
Y. Yurekli (*)
Bioengineering Department, Manisa Celal Bayar University,
Sehit Prof. Dr. Ilhan Varank Yerleskesi, Manisa, Turkey
© The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to
Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021
Inamuddin et al. (eds.), Green Adsorbents to Remove Metals, Dyes and Boron
from Polluted Water, Environmental Chemistry for a Sustainable World 49,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-47400-3_6
Chapter 6
Recovery of Heavy Metals by Membrane
Adsorbers
Yilmaz Yurekli
Contents
6.1 Introduction
144
6.2 Membrane Fabrication
147
6.2.1 Phase Inversion
148
6.3 Effect of Nanoparticles on Water Permeability
150
6.4 Effect of Nanoparticles on Antifouling
153
6.5 Effect of Nanoparticles on Heavy Metal Recovery
156
6.6 Modelling the Performance of the Membrane Adsorber
160
6.7 Concluding Remarks and Perspectives
165
References
165
Abstract Heavy metal contents in the effluents of various industrial activities have
reached to an emergency level in recent decades due to the tremendous increase in
volumetric production rate and insufficiency of the treatment methods. Recent
developments on membrane technologies have indicated that they offer reliable and
efficient methods of promising sustainable applications for supplying clean water of
a quality that satisfies human and environmental needs. The incorporation of inorganic nanoparticles in polymeric membranes, which allows the filtration and
adsorption processes to be combined in one unit, has brought a new insight to membrane materials in terms of recovery of valuable metals, high flux, and antifouling
capabilities. In this chapter, manufacturing of adsorptive membranes using phase
inversion by immersion precipitation method is introduced. Selection of nanoparticle type, size, and amount on the morphological properties of the membranes is also
addressed in this chapter. Development of a mathematical model that can predict the
long-term performances of any flat sheet or hollow fiber-based membrane adsorbers
in terms of their throughput and rejection characteristics is discussed. Finally, suggestions are also given for further development of the membrane performances in
the removal of heavy metals.
Y. Yurekli (*)
Bioengineering Department, Manisa Celal Bayar University,
Sehit Prof. Dr. Ilhan Varank Yerleskesi, Manisa, Turkey