109
Hızal J, Apak R, Hoell W (2009) Modeling competitive adsorption of copper(II), lead(II) and
cadmium(II) by kaolinite-based clay mineral/humic acid system. Environ Prog Sustain Energy
28:493–506. https://doi.org/10.1002/ep.10331
Hizal J, Demirçivi P, Karadirek Ş, Apak R (2016) Investigation of individual and competitive
adsorption of Cu(II), Cd(II) and Pb(II) on montmorillonite in terms of surface complexation
and kinetic properties of Cu(II) adsorption. Desalin Water Treat 57:22441–22453. https://doi.
org/10.1080/19443994.2015.1131631
Hu B, Luo H (2010) Adsorption of hexavalent chromium onto montmorillonite modified with
hydroxyaluminum and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide. Appl Surf Sci 257:769–775. https://
doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2010.07.062
Hua M, Zhang S, Pan B, Zhang W, Lv L, Zhang (2012) Heavy metal removal from water/wastewater by nanosized metal oxides: a review. J Hazard Mater 211–212:317–331. https://doi.
org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.10.016
Irani M, Ismail H, Ahmad Z, Fan M (2014) Synthesis of linear low-density polyethylene-g-poly
(acrylic acid)-co-starch/organo-montmorillonite hydrogel composite as an adsorbent for
removal of Pb(ΙΙ) from aqueous solutions. J Environ Sci 27:9–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
jes.2014.05.049
Jaishankar M, Tseten T, Anbalagan N, Mathew BB, Beeregowda KN (2014) Toxicity, mechanism
and health effects of some heavy metals. Interdiscip Toxicol 7:60–72. https://doi.org/10.2478/
intox-2014-0009
Kalantari K, Ahmad MB, Masoumi HRF, Shameli K, Basri M, Khandanlou R (2015) Rapid and
high capacity adsorption of heavy metals by Fe 3 O 4 /montmorillonite nanocomposite using
response surface methodology: preparation, characterization, optimization, equilibrium isotherms, and adsorption kinetics study. J Taiwan Ins Chem Eng 49:192–198. https://doi.
org/10.1016/j.jtice.2014.10.025
Kırbıyık Ç, Pütün AE, Pütün E (2016) Comparative studies on adsorptive removal of heavy metal
ions by biosorbent, bio-char and activated carbon obtained from low cost agro-residue. Water
Sci Technol 73:423–436. https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2015.504
Kumar ASK, Kalidhasan S, Rajesh V, Rajesh N (2012) Application of cellulose-clay composite
biosorbent toward the effective adsorption and removal of chromium from industrial wastewater. Ind Eng Chem Res 51:58–69. https://doi.org/10.1021/ie201349h
Larraza I, Gónzalez ML, Corrales T, Marcelo G (2012) Hybrid materials: magnetite–polyethylenimine–montmorillonite, as magnetic adsorbents for Cr(VI) water treatment. J Colloid Interface
Sci 385:24–33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2012.06.050
Li SZ, Wua PX (2010) Characterization of sodium dodecyl sulfate modified iron pillared montmorillonite and its application for the removal of aqueous Cu(II) and Co(II). J Hazard Mater
173:62–70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.08.047
Li T, Shen J, Huang S, Li N, Ye M (2014) Hydrothermal carbonization synthesis of a novel montmorillonite supported carbon nanosphere adsorbent for removal of Cr (VI) from waste water.
Appl Clay Sci 93–94:48–55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clay.2014.02.015
Ma Y, Lv L, Guo Y, Fu Y, Shao Q, Wu T, Guo S, Sun K, Guo X, Wujcik EK, Guo Z (2017)
Porous lignin based poly (acrylic acid)/organo-montmorillonite nanocomposites: swelling
behaviors and rapid removal of Pb (II) ions. Polymer 128:12–23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
polymer.2017.09.009
Mahmood-ul-Hassan M, Suthar V, Ahmad R, Yousra M (2018) Biosorption of metal ions on
lignocellulosic materials: batch and continuous-flow process studies. Environ Monit Assess
190:287. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-018-6674-7
Mirza A, Ahmad R (2018) Novel recyclable (xanthan gum/montmorillonite) bionanocomposite
for the removal of Pb (II) from synthetic and industrial wastewater. Environ Technol Innov
11:241–252. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eti.2018.06.009
Mittal A, Ahmad R, Hasan I (2015) Biosorption of Pb2+, Ni2+ and Cu2+ ions from aqueous solutions by L-cystein-modified montmorillonite-immobilized alginate nanocomposite. Desalin
Water Treat 57:1–18. https://doi.org/10.1080/19443994.2015.1086900
4 Montmorillonite Clay Composite for Heavy Metal Removal from Water
Hızal J, Apak R, Hoell W (2009) Modeling competitive adsorption of copper(II), lead(II) and
cadmium(II) by kaolinite-based clay mineral/humic acid system. Environ Prog Sustain Energy
28:493–506. https://doi.org/10.1002/ep.10331
Hizal J, Demirçivi P, Karadirek Ş, Apak R (2016) Investigation of individual and competitive
adsorption of Cu(II), Cd(II) and Pb(II) on montmorillonite in terms of surface complexation
and kinetic properties of Cu(II) adsorption. Desalin Water Treat 57:22441–22453. https://doi.
org/10.1080/19443994.2015.1131631
Hu B, Luo H (2010) Adsorption of hexavalent chromium onto montmorillonite modified with
hydroxyaluminum and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide. Appl Surf Sci 257:769–775. https://
doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2010.07.062
Hua M, Zhang S, Pan B, Zhang W, Lv L, Zhang (2012) Heavy metal removal from water/wastewater by nanosized metal oxides: a review. J Hazard Mater 211–212:317–331. https://doi.
org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.10.016
Irani M, Ismail H, Ahmad Z, Fan M (2014) Synthesis of linear low-density polyethylene-g-poly
(acrylic acid)-co-starch/organo-montmorillonite hydrogel composite as an adsorbent for
removal of Pb(ΙΙ) from aqueous solutions. J Environ Sci 27:9–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
jes.2014.05.049
Jaishankar M, Tseten T, Anbalagan N, Mathew BB, Beeregowda KN (2014) Toxicity, mechanism
and health effects of some heavy metals. Interdiscip Toxicol 7:60–72. https://doi.org/10.2478/
intox-2014-0009
Kalantari K, Ahmad MB, Masoumi HRF, Shameli K, Basri M, Khandanlou R (2015) Rapid and
high capacity adsorption of heavy metals by Fe 3 O 4 /montmorillonite nanocomposite using
response surface methodology: preparation, characterization, optimization, equilibrium isotherms, and adsorption kinetics study. J Taiwan Ins Chem Eng 49:192–198. https://doi.
org/10.1016/j.jtice.2014.10.025
Kırbıyık Ç, Pütün AE, Pütün E (2016) Comparative studies on adsorptive removal of heavy metal
ions by biosorbent, bio-char and activated carbon obtained from low cost agro-residue. Water
Sci Technol 73:423–436. https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2015.504
Kumar ASK, Kalidhasan S, Rajesh V, Rajesh N (2012) Application of cellulose-clay composite
biosorbent toward the effective adsorption and removal of chromium from industrial wastewater. Ind Eng Chem Res 51:58–69. https://doi.org/10.1021/ie201349h
Larraza I, Gónzalez ML, Corrales T, Marcelo G (2012) Hybrid materials: magnetite–polyethylenimine–montmorillonite, as magnetic adsorbents for Cr(VI) water treatment. J Colloid Interface
Sci 385:24–33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2012.06.050
Li SZ, Wua PX (2010) Characterization of sodium dodecyl sulfate modified iron pillared montmorillonite and its application for the removal of aqueous Cu(II) and Co(II). J Hazard Mater
173:62–70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.08.047
Li T, Shen J, Huang S, Li N, Ye M (2014) Hydrothermal carbonization synthesis of a novel montmorillonite supported carbon nanosphere adsorbent for removal of Cr (VI) from waste water.
Appl Clay Sci 93–94:48–55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clay.2014.02.015
Ma Y, Lv L, Guo Y, Fu Y, Shao Q, Wu T, Guo S, Sun K, Guo X, Wujcik EK, Guo Z (2017)
Porous lignin based poly (acrylic acid)/organo-montmorillonite nanocomposites: swelling
behaviors and rapid removal of Pb (II) ions. Polymer 128:12–23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
polymer.2017.09.009
Mahmood-ul-Hassan M, Suthar V, Ahmad R, Yousra M (2018) Biosorption of metal ions on
lignocellulosic materials: batch and continuous-flow process studies. Environ Monit Assess
190:287. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-018-6674-7
Mirza A, Ahmad R (2018) Novel recyclable (xanthan gum/montmorillonite) bionanocomposite
for the removal of Pb (II) from synthetic and industrial wastewater. Environ Technol Innov
11:241–252. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eti.2018.06.009
Mittal A, Ahmad R, Hasan I (2015) Biosorption of Pb2+, Ni2+ and Cu2+ ions from aqueous solutions by L-cystein-modified montmorillonite-immobilized alginate nanocomposite. Desalin
Water Treat 57:1–18. https://doi.org/10.1080/19443994.2015.1086900
4 Montmorillonite Clay Composite for Heavy Metal Removal from Water