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11 Detecting Fingerprints of Gravity Erosion Drivers …
(c)
(a)
(b)
(d)
Saturated soil
Saturated soil
Translational face
Downward concave scar
Fig. 11.7 Triggering method of partially saturated soil deformation. a, b Partially saturated soil
becomes more saturated, leading to the deformation of saturated soil at the bottom, and followed
by slope failure; c Downward concave scar; d Translational face. Here is a failure scar caused by
deformation of the partially saturated soil
(b)
(a)
Tension crack
Saturated soil
Translational face
Fig. 11.8 Triggering mode driven by the combined effects of tension crack and saturated soil. A
Tf scar was formed here
in a significantly increased probability of mass failure. In addition, slope height had
a striking effect on mass failure size and frequency (Qiu et al. 2017). As the slope
gradient increased, the total amount of mass failure with the Tf, Dc, and Uc scar were
increased (Fig. 11.3b). The results agree with the simulation of Katz et al. (2014)
which revealed that the large-scale mass failures are associated with higher slope
gradient.