Adopting the acquis in the remaining sectors of this chapter requires alignment
with the Directive 2008/50/EC on air quality, Directive 2008/98/EC on waste
management, Directive 2009/147/EC, Council Directive 1992/43/EEC, Council
Directive 1999/22/EC on nature protection, Directive 2010/75/EU, Council
Directive 1996/82/EC (Seveso II) on industrial pollution control and risk
management, Directive 2002/49/EC on noise, Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008,
Regulation (EC) No. 1907/2006 on chemicals, and also Decision No. 406/2009/
EC on climate change.
• Improving the capacity and the coordination of the administrative bodies at all
levels, including inspection services.
Thus, it is expected that Turkey should be fully prepared to ensure the implementation and enforcement of the EU requirements in all sectors – horizontal
sector, air quality, water, waste management, nature protection, industrial pollution
prevention and risk management, chemicals, noise and climate change – at the date
of accession. Therefore, Turkey continues its preparations to adopt the EU’s legislation on these sectors in the framework of the chapter on environment and
climate change,
20 through such developments, among others, as the establishment
of the air emissions coordination board to coordinate between different institutions
for activities required under the UNECE Convention on Long-range Transboundary
Air Pollution, the adoption of its National Basin Management Strategy (2014–
2023) (Ministry of Forestry and Water Affairs, 2014), the preparations on river
basin management plans, the foundation of the Water Institute to provide scientific
advice on water management issues, the discussions on participation in the EU
Civil Protection Mechanism, and the adoption of its National Waste Management
Plan (2008–2012) (Ministry of Environment and Forestry, 2008).
In December 2018, the Environment Act (No. 2872) was changed. The
amendments included new provisions on the protection of the environment, the
prevention and elimination of environmental pollution, plastic bags, reduction in
the use of plastic packaging, deposit application, and obtaining guarantees for the
prevention of pollution.
21 It is too early to evaluate the potential results of these
provisions in practice.
With respect to the climate change issue, after the adoption of the Paris Climate
Agreement through Decision 1/COP-21, the Intended National Determined
Contribution (INDC) system was accepted for the PCA, as different from the
Protocol system (Decision 1/COP-21, para. 12–21, Art. 3–4, PCA). When
20
For the list of the by-laws, decree-laws, circulars, and communiqués adopted to date on different
sectors of the environment see at: https://cygm.csb.gov.tr/tebligler-i-441. Also, for the projects
implemented within the scope of 2007–2013 Instrument for Pre-Accession Assistance
(IPA) replacing the financial instrument for Turkey, see at: http://www.ab.gov.tr/index.php?p=
92&l=2.
21
See at: http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2018/12/20181210-4.htm. OJ (10 November
2018), No. 30621; Act No. 7153.
2 The Development Process of Environmental Law in Turkey: …
19
with the Directive 2008/50/EC on air quality, Directive 2008/98/EC on waste
management, Directive 2009/147/EC, Council Directive 1992/43/EEC, Council
Directive 1999/22/EC on nature protection, Directive 2010/75/EU, Council
Directive 1996/82/EC (Seveso II) on industrial pollution control and risk
management, Directive 2002/49/EC on noise, Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008,
Regulation (EC) No. 1907/2006 on chemicals, and also Decision No. 406/2009/
EC on climate change.
• Improving the capacity and the coordination of the administrative bodies at all
levels, including inspection services.
Thus, it is expected that Turkey should be fully prepared to ensure the implementation and enforcement of the EU requirements in all sectors – horizontal
sector, air quality, water, waste management, nature protection, industrial pollution
prevention and risk management, chemicals, noise and climate change – at the date
of accession. Therefore, Turkey continues its preparations to adopt the EU’s legislation on these sectors in the framework of the chapter on environment and
climate change,
20 through such developments, among others, as the establishment
of the air emissions coordination board to coordinate between different institutions
for activities required under the UNECE Convention on Long-range Transboundary
Air Pollution, the adoption of its National Basin Management Strategy (2014–
2023) (Ministry of Forestry and Water Affairs, 2014), the preparations on river
basin management plans, the foundation of the Water Institute to provide scientific
advice on water management issues, the discussions on participation in the EU
Civil Protection Mechanism, and the adoption of its National Waste Management
Plan (2008–2012) (Ministry of Environment and Forestry, 2008).
In December 2018, the Environment Act (No. 2872) was changed. The
amendments included new provisions on the protection of the environment, the
prevention and elimination of environmental pollution, plastic bags, reduction in
the use of plastic packaging, deposit application, and obtaining guarantees for the
prevention of pollution.
21 It is too early to evaluate the potential results of these
provisions in practice.
With respect to the climate change issue, after the adoption of the Paris Climate
Agreement through Decision 1/COP-21, the Intended National Determined
Contribution (INDC) system was accepted for the PCA, as different from the
Protocol system (Decision 1/COP-21, para. 12–21, Art. 3–4, PCA). When
20
For the list of the by-laws, decree-laws, circulars, and communiqués adopted to date on different
sectors of the environment see at: https://cygm.csb.gov.tr/tebligler-i-441. Also, for the projects
implemented within the scope of 2007–2013 Instrument for Pre-Accession Assistance
(IPA) replacing the financial instrument for Turkey, see at: http://www.ab.gov.tr/index.php?p=
92&l=2.
21
See at: http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2018/12/20181210-4.htm. OJ (10 November
2018), No. 30621; Act No. 7153.
2 The Development Process of Environmental Law in Turkey: …
19