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13 The Future: Achieving Sustainability
Many consider Professor Sachs as among the leading experts on issues of global
macroeconomics, economic development, and the quest to end poverty.
Since 1995, he has been actively involved in Africa’s quest to end poverty. He has
done much work in more than 24 African nations and has advised many leaders at
various Africa Union (AU) summits. During the 1990s, he worked with the Clinton
Administration to come up with the African Growth and Opportunity. Also, he has
engaged many African leaders to develop smallholder agriculture and fight disease
burdens by strengthening the primary health systems. Currently, he is an advisor
to various African governments, including Tanzania, Nigeria, Malawi, Ethiopia,
Ghana, Senegal, Rwanda, Mali, Uganda, and Malawi. He directed the Millennium
Villages Project in 10 African states that covers at least 500,000 individuals. Sachs
has also been successful in advocating for the need to raise agricultural production,
minimizing stunted growth of children, and reducing child mortality rates. Sachs
contends that in case the rich nations offer substantial investment to rural and
agricultural areas within developing nations, the poor will live better lives and have a
brighter future. He also supports the Anti-Hunger Programme initiated by the Food
and Agricultural Organization.
Mr. Sachs warned that it costs money to increase productivity in agriculture,
health, and education and to reach the UN Millennium development goals. Without
added assistance from the rich countries, we will not make any progress. We also
require leadership from poor and rich countries, from industry, non-governmental
organizations, and scientists. The guiding principles for these issues are integrated
in rural development to attain the Sustainable Development Goals in Nigeria and
Mali. Many other African states are also applying them to provide support to antipoverty programs. In close collaboration with the Islamic Development Bank, he
has spearheaded the scaling up of programs regarding integrated rural development
as well as sustainable agriculture among member states of the Bank. One of these
projects supports the pastoralist communities in the Horn of Africa. The nations that
participate in the project are Kenya, Uganda, South Sudan, Djibouti, and Ethiopia.
Finally, as Director of the Earth Institute of Columbia University (2002–2016),
he led an organization of more than 850 professionals to support sustainable
development. He is a consistent advocate for the expansion and development of
university education to support sustainable development. He was also instrumental
in the introduction of the Ph.D. program in Sustainable Development, the first of its
kind in the US. The Earth Institute has also guided the adoption and advancement
of sustainable development. As a leading research institute, it plays a crucial role in
sustainable development with Sachs at the helm. Arguably, he has played a critical
role in advancing the issue of sustainable development.
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