242
10 Sustainability
Fig. 10.10 Manufacturing value added to GDP (in%), 2017, Source: World Bank (2017a,b);
Ritchie et al. (2018a,b)
What is resilient infrastructure? Discuss three Green innovations that can
drive this goal.
10.2.10 Goal 10: Reducing Inequalities
The major objective of SDG 10 is to “reduce income inequality in nations.” One
of the targets is to minimize the cost of commodity exportation from the Least
Developing Countries, LDCs. Least Developing Countries (LDCs) are developing
nations that have the lowest indicators of socioeconomic development. Examples of
LDCs today are Democratic Republic of Congo, Afghanistan, Cambodia, Comoros,
Burkina Faso, and Angola. Due to this target, there has been substantial expansion
of duty-free treatment as 65% of products emanating from LDCs were duty-free by
2015 (Sachs 2012).
Figure 10.11 shows the global income distribution in 1800, 1975, and 2015. In
1800, over 80% of the world population lived in extreme poverty. However, about
175 years later, the world income distribution became bimodal which represents
the developing and developed world. The developed world was ten times richer
10 Sustainability
Fig. 10.10 Manufacturing value added to GDP (in%), 2017, Source: World Bank (2017a,b);
Ritchie et al. (2018a,b)
What is resilient infrastructure? Discuss three Green innovations that can
drive this goal.
10.2.10 Goal 10: Reducing Inequalities
The major objective of SDG 10 is to “reduce income inequality in nations.” One
of the targets is to minimize the cost of commodity exportation from the Least
Developing Countries, LDCs. Least Developing Countries (LDCs) are developing
nations that have the lowest indicators of socioeconomic development. Examples of
LDCs today are Democratic Republic of Congo, Afghanistan, Cambodia, Comoros,
Burkina Faso, and Angola. Due to this target, there has been substantial expansion
of duty-free treatment as 65% of products emanating from LDCs were duty-free by
2015 (Sachs 2012).
Figure 10.11 shows the global income distribution in 1800, 1975, and 2015. In
1800, over 80% of the world population lived in extreme poverty. However, about
175 years later, the world income distribution became bimodal which represents
the developing and developed world. The developed world was ten times richer