6
Section
Division
Group
Class
Class type
Delphi technique
categories
Regulation &
Maintenance
Mediation of waste, toxics and
other nuisances
Mediation by biota
Bio-remediation by
micro-organisms, algae,
plants, and animals
By amount, type, use,
media (land, soil,
freshwater, marine)
Water bioremediation
Mediation by
ecosystems
Filtration/sequestration/
storage/ accumulation by
ecosystems
By amount, type, use,
media (land, soil,
freshwater, marine)
Pollution abatement,
environmental risk
indicator
Mediation of flows
Mass flows
Mass stabilization and
control of erosion rates
By reduction in risk,
area protected
Protection from
sedimentation
Buffering and attenuation of
mass flows
Protection from salt
intrusion
Gaseous/air flows
Storm protection
By reduction in risk,
area protected
Coastal protection
Maintenance of physical,
chemical, biological conditions
Lifecycle
maintenance, habitat
and gene pool
protection
Maintaining nursery
populations and habitats
By amount and source
Fisheries (nursery)
Soil formation and
composition
Decomposition and fixing
processes
Carbon sequestration
Atmospheric
composition and
climate regulation
Global climate regulation by
reduction of greenhouse gas
concentrations
By amount,
concentration or
climatic parameter
Carbon sequestration
Cultural
Physical and intellectual
interactions with biota,
ecosystems, and land-/seascapes
(environmental settings)
Intellectual and
representative
interactions
Entertainment
Ecotourism and
recreation
Aesthetic
Aesthetic value
Table 1.2 (continued)
1 Ecosystem Services of Mangroves: An Overview