Environmental Profile of Nano-finished Textile …
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3.1.4 Copper Nanoparticles
Copper nano-particles were found strongly active against various bacteria compared
to triclosan when embedded into submicron particles of Sepiolite [38]. However, it
was found that copper nanoparticles were less active compared to Ag nano-particles
[39]. UV protection were imparted to polypropylene (PP) nonwoven by deposition of copper nanoparticles by magnetron sputter deposition method along with
enhancement in electrical conductivity [40].
3.1.5 Gold Nanoparticles
Gold nanoparticles have been expensively used in commercial soap and cosmetics industries for its effective antibacterial properties against acne or scurf and
have potential to eliminate waste substances from the skin and control sebum [41–
43]. Gold nanoparticles are effective against extensive range of bacteria including
gram positive and gram negative and fungi [44]. Grace and Pandian showed intense
antibacterial efficiency of Au nanocomposites with antibiotics like streptomycin,
gentamycin and neomycin against E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, and M. luteus
[41]. Park et al. filled Au nanoparticles inside the liposome structure leading to permeability of barrier of the lipid, an increase in the fluidity and provide thermally
sensitive liposome for controlled delivery at particular temperatures [42].
3.1.6 Nano-clay and Its Modified Species
Recently, nanoclay has been found one of the interesting materials and has been
investigated for its outstanding advantages like increase of tensile strength, gas barrier
property, modulus, dimensional stability, HDT and flame retardancy transparency
[45–49]. Sterilizing effect, antibacterial efficiency, membrane coating and adsorption
of toxins are some other important applications related to the biomedical field. The
first use of clay in medical field was carried out by Romanes in 60 BC as poultice
in wound plaster. The healing properties were mainly due to the physical absorption
of water, toxic bacteria, viruses and organic matter. The presence of inorganic metal
and their oxides in clay accounts for its antibacterial properties without knowing
exact mechanism of action. However, complete sterilization of E. coli was observed
by Agricure clay [50].
Haydel et al. utilized clay of iron-rich to evaluate its use as a therapeutic
agent against antibiotic-susceptible and antibiotic-resistant pathogenic bacteria [51].
Seckin et al. used clay-polyvinyl pyridinium matrix as an adsorbent against bacterial cells from water [52]. Ion exchanged montmorillonites and silver-chitosan/clay
nanocomposites were investigated by Hu et al. and Zhou et al. for their antibacterial and bacteriostatic effect, respectively [53, 54]. Antibacterial poly propylene
fiber/clay composite was successfully produced by Mlynarcikova et al. and Pavlikova
et al. [47, 48].
63
3.1.4 Copper Nanoparticles
Copper nano-particles were found strongly active against various bacteria compared
to triclosan when embedded into submicron particles of Sepiolite [38]. However, it
was found that copper nanoparticles were less active compared to Ag nano-particles
[39]. UV protection were imparted to polypropylene (PP) nonwoven by deposition of copper nanoparticles by magnetron sputter deposition method along with
enhancement in electrical conductivity [40].
3.1.5 Gold Nanoparticles
Gold nanoparticles have been expensively used in commercial soap and cosmetics industries for its effective antibacterial properties against acne or scurf and
have potential to eliminate waste substances from the skin and control sebum [41–
43]. Gold nanoparticles are effective against extensive range of bacteria including
gram positive and gram negative and fungi [44]. Grace and Pandian showed intense
antibacterial efficiency of Au nanocomposites with antibiotics like streptomycin,
gentamycin and neomycin against E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, and M. luteus
[41]. Park et al. filled Au nanoparticles inside the liposome structure leading to permeability of barrier of the lipid, an increase in the fluidity and provide thermally
sensitive liposome for controlled delivery at particular temperatures [42].
3.1.6 Nano-clay and Its Modified Species
Recently, nanoclay has been found one of the interesting materials and has been
investigated for its outstanding advantages like increase of tensile strength, gas barrier
property, modulus, dimensional stability, HDT and flame retardancy transparency
[45–49]. Sterilizing effect, antibacterial efficiency, membrane coating and adsorption
of toxins are some other important applications related to the biomedical field. The
first use of clay in medical field was carried out by Romanes in 60 BC as poultice
in wound plaster. The healing properties were mainly due to the physical absorption
of water, toxic bacteria, viruses and organic matter. The presence of inorganic metal
and their oxides in clay accounts for its antibacterial properties without knowing
exact mechanism of action. However, complete sterilization of E. coli was observed
by Agricure clay [50].
Haydel et al. utilized clay of iron-rich to evaluate its use as a therapeutic
agent against antibiotic-susceptible and antibiotic-resistant pathogenic bacteria [51].
Seckin et al. used clay-polyvinyl pyridinium matrix as an adsorbent against bacterial cells from water [52]. Ion exchanged montmorillonites and silver-chitosan/clay
nanocomposites were investigated by Hu et al. and Zhou et al. for their antibacterial and bacteriostatic effect, respectively [53, 54]. Antibacterial poly propylene
fiber/clay composite was successfully produced by Mlynarcikova et al. and Pavlikova
et al. [47, 48].