Advances of Textiles in Tissue Engineering Scaffolds
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as the matrix resins. For reinforcement natural fibres such as kenaf, elephant grass,
flax, hemp, jute and bamboo predominantly used.
6.4.1 Degradation Mechanism
The prime modes of degradation of these aliphatic polyesters are non-enzymatic
hydrolysis. And further its degradation found to be catalyzed by its degradation
products. It has been observed that monomer structure has limited role as far as degradation of polymer is concern, while molecular weight, crystallinity, fibre structure
and substituting groups have prime role in degradation of polymer. Very high biomaterial fraternity is observed in case of PGA, PLLA and PDLA as their monomers
and degradation products found to be physiological metabolites. Restrictions in the
permitted amount have been result of acidic character of these degradation products.
7 Application of Textiles in Specific Organs Engineering
7.1 Textile Scaffolds as Tissue Adhesives
‘Adhesion’ is defined by the physicist as the force of attraction in molecules in the area
of contact between unlike bodies that acts to hold them together and ‘bio-adhesion’
is simply the adhesive phenomena where at least one of the adherent is biological.
The materials are attached to each other by interfacial forces for an extended period
of time [1, 2].
Surgical suture (Commonly called Stitches) is a medical device or thread used to
hold body tissues together after an injury or surgery. Application generally involves
using a needle with an attached length of thread [60]. But surgical suturing itself
inflicts trauma to tissues essentially when multiple passes are necessary. The postoperative integrity of the sutures may also be problematic, loosening or breaking
required timely removal. It also requires prolong operative time and technical skill
for effective suture placement.
Tissue adhesives serve as suitable alternatives to distressing treatment of suturing
or stapling. It is more patient friendly, quick and simple technique eliminating the
requirement of local anaesthesia. Overall the trauma associated with suturing can be
eliminated [61].
7.1.1 Properties Required for Tissue Adhesive Materials
The properties which are a mandatory requirement for tissue adhesives are firm
adhesion, tensile strength, biocompatibility, permeable to fluids and metabolites to
prevent necrosis. Non-inflammation, high healing rate, lower post-operative wound
185
as the matrix resins. For reinforcement natural fibres such as kenaf, elephant grass,
flax, hemp, jute and bamboo predominantly used.
6.4.1 Degradation Mechanism
The prime modes of degradation of these aliphatic polyesters are non-enzymatic
hydrolysis. And further its degradation found to be catalyzed by its degradation
products. It has been observed that monomer structure has limited role as far as degradation of polymer is concern, while molecular weight, crystallinity, fibre structure
and substituting groups have prime role in degradation of polymer. Very high biomaterial fraternity is observed in case of PGA, PLLA and PDLA as their monomers
and degradation products found to be physiological metabolites. Restrictions in the
permitted amount have been result of acidic character of these degradation products.
7 Application of Textiles in Specific Organs Engineering
7.1 Textile Scaffolds as Tissue Adhesives
‘Adhesion’ is defined by the physicist as the force of attraction in molecules in the area
of contact between unlike bodies that acts to hold them together and ‘bio-adhesion’
is simply the adhesive phenomena where at least one of the adherent is biological.
The materials are attached to each other by interfacial forces for an extended period
of time [1, 2].
Surgical suture (Commonly called Stitches) is a medical device or thread used to
hold body tissues together after an injury or surgery. Application generally involves
using a needle with an attached length of thread [60]. But surgical suturing itself
inflicts trauma to tissues essentially when multiple passes are necessary. The postoperative integrity of the sutures may also be problematic, loosening or breaking
required timely removal. It also requires prolong operative time and technical skill
for effective suture placement.
Tissue adhesives serve as suitable alternatives to distressing treatment of suturing
or stapling. It is more patient friendly, quick and simple technique eliminating the
requirement of local anaesthesia. Overall the trauma associated with suturing can be
eliminated [61].
7.1.1 Properties Required for Tissue Adhesive Materials
The properties which are a mandatory requirement for tissue adhesives are firm
adhesion, tensile strength, biocompatibility, permeable to fluids and metabolites to
prevent necrosis. Non-inflammation, high healing rate, lower post-operative wound