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S. Sarkar et al.
are very necessary. Finishing procedure makes cotton cloth wrinkle free and suitable
for wearing.
In textile finishing process different chemicals have been used which cause environmental hazards. According to estimation impact of water pollution on individual’s healthiness and environment is nearly 41.73 billion yuan per year [1]. As per
increasing awareness on eco-toxic effects, enzymatic treatment has been introduced
in textile finishing process [2]. Many harmful side products are being released in
water bodies and air after chemical finishing process and cause dangerous pollution. Hence to reduce the environmental challenges related to pollution, eco-friendly
enzymatic treatment has been incorporated in textile production. Normally textile
industry requires a huge amount of water in each step of its processing, which causes
relatively high water pollution. Enzymatic textile processing is a wonderful approach
for conserving water by using relatively low amount of water [3].
From past four decades, enzymes are being used in different industries like food,
beverage including textile in its finishing stage [4]. Different enzymes used in textile manufacturing and processing, viz., bleaching termination, finishing of denim,
softening of cotton, scouring including removal of excess dyes also [4]. Amylase is
widely used in clothes desizing and strengthen procedure for its thermostable nature
and drastic industrial application. So, this enzyme has a very important role in fining
of woven cotton clothes [5]. Control enzymatic treatment on woollen component
change surface prototyping of final clothing materials [6]. Being an environment
friendly implement enzymatic treatment is also a biotechnology based technique
which makes textile products more decorative and attractive by changing the surface patterning than traditional one [6]. Besides this, it also has economic benefits.
Enzymes are used in very minute concentration, for which low amount of money is
required and production become well.
2 Background on Textile Industry and Production
Textile is a very old industry in the world and second largest just after the agriculture.
This is because of cloth is a very basic need of human being in their daily life.
Therefore, textile is one of the most primitive human craft which has always been
elementary part of economy [7]. This textile history was started back somewhat
30,000 years ago. According to archaeological and anthropological evidences, worn
textile and wove clothing were started at prehistoric age. Now a days, spinning,
reeling, sizing, processing and printing all are done in order to improve the quality.
Unlike ancient age, in recent era, in addition with cotton, silk, nylon, rayon, polyester,
man-made synthetic fibers are being used as raw materials for textile industry. In
early eighteenth century, Great Britain was being thought as leader in textile trade
due to presence of some modern technologies like spinning, power loom in their
manufacturing process [8]. In the year of 1786, U.S. Government encouraged with
huge amount of money for designing British spinning technology, but production
was unsatisfactory and irregular due to use of huge electricity. Up to the year 1790,
S. Sarkar et al.
are very necessary. Finishing procedure makes cotton cloth wrinkle free and suitable
for wearing.
In textile finishing process different chemicals have been used which cause environmental hazards. According to estimation impact of water pollution on individual’s healthiness and environment is nearly 41.73 billion yuan per year [1]. As per
increasing awareness on eco-toxic effects, enzymatic treatment has been introduced
in textile finishing process [2]. Many harmful side products are being released in
water bodies and air after chemical finishing process and cause dangerous pollution. Hence to reduce the environmental challenges related to pollution, eco-friendly
enzymatic treatment has been incorporated in textile production. Normally textile
industry requires a huge amount of water in each step of its processing, which causes
relatively high water pollution. Enzymatic textile processing is a wonderful approach
for conserving water by using relatively low amount of water [3].
From past four decades, enzymes are being used in different industries like food,
beverage including textile in its finishing stage [4]. Different enzymes used in textile manufacturing and processing, viz., bleaching termination, finishing of denim,
softening of cotton, scouring including removal of excess dyes also [4]. Amylase is
widely used in clothes desizing and strengthen procedure for its thermostable nature
and drastic industrial application. So, this enzyme has a very important role in fining
of woven cotton clothes [5]. Control enzymatic treatment on woollen component
change surface prototyping of final clothing materials [6]. Being an environment
friendly implement enzymatic treatment is also a biotechnology based technique
which makes textile products more decorative and attractive by changing the surface patterning than traditional one [6]. Besides this, it also has economic benefits.
Enzymes are used in very minute concentration, for which low amount of money is
required and production become well.
2 Background on Textile Industry and Production
Textile is a very old industry in the world and second largest just after the agriculture.
This is because of cloth is a very basic need of human being in their daily life.
Therefore, textile is one of the most primitive human craft which has always been
elementary part of economy [7]. This textile history was started back somewhat
30,000 years ago. According to archaeological and anthropological evidences, worn
textile and wove clothing were started at prehistoric age. Now a days, spinning,
reeling, sizing, processing and printing all are done in order to improve the quality.
Unlike ancient age, in recent era, in addition with cotton, silk, nylon, rayon, polyester,
man-made synthetic fibers are being used as raw materials for textile industry. In
early eighteenth century, Great Britain was being thought as leader in textile trade
due to presence of some modern technologies like spinning, power loom in their
manufacturing process [8]. In the year of 1786, U.S. Government encouraged with
huge amount of money for designing British spinning technology, but production
was unsatisfactory and irregular due to use of huge electricity. Up to the year 1790,