19
1
fabrics are generally finer and are available in light-weight
ranges. Woven rovings are less expensive to produce and
facilitate resin percolation more effectively. Under applied pressure, rovings spread out easily, allowing more resin to percolate
and wet them out. Since rovings are available only in heavier
texes compared to yarns, fabrics produced out of them are in
the weight range of medium to heavy. Therefore, rovings are
more suitable for thick and heavier laminates. The commercially available forms of roving, tow, fabrics, and CSM are
shown in . Fig. 1.6.
1.6 Properties of Matrix Resins
Polymeric resin consists of viscous fluid and solidifies into elastic
solids. It responds viscoelastically to applied loads. The role of
matrix in fibre-reinforced composites includes the following:
1. Bind reinforcement and fibres in the composite
2. Provide a shape and surface finish to the composite product
3. Transfer stresses between among the fibres
4. Provide a barrier against an adverse environment
5. Protect the surface of fibres from mechanical abrasion
. Table 1.8 Comparison of properties with weave styles [16, 17]
Property
Plain
Basket
Twill
Satin
Leno
Mock leno
CSM
Good stability
2
4
3
4
1
3
3
Good drape
4
3
2
1
5
4
1
Low porosity
3
4
2
1
5
3
5
Smoothness
4
4
3
1
5
4
4
Balance
2
2
2
4
4
2
2
Symmetrical
1
3
3
5
5
2
3
Low crimp
4
4
3
1
2
4
5
Legend: Excellent 1; Very good 2; Average 3; Poor 4; and Very Poor 5
a
b
d
e
c
. Fig. 1.6 a Carbon tow and glass roving, b glass filaments, c woven glass fabric, d woven carbon fabric, and e glass
CSM [14]. (Image source: Woven Fabrics, 7 http://www. netcomposites. com/guide/woven-fabrics/40)
1.6 · Properties of Matrix Resins
1
fabrics are generally finer and are available in light-weight
ranges. Woven rovings are less expensive to produce and
facilitate resin percolation more effectively. Under applied pressure, rovings spread out easily, allowing more resin to percolate
and wet them out. Since rovings are available only in heavier
texes compared to yarns, fabrics produced out of them are in
the weight range of medium to heavy. Therefore, rovings are
more suitable for thick and heavier laminates. The commercially available forms of roving, tow, fabrics, and CSM are
shown in . Fig. 1.6.
1.6 Properties of Matrix Resins
Polymeric resin consists of viscous fluid and solidifies into elastic
solids. It responds viscoelastically to applied loads. The role of
matrix in fibre-reinforced composites includes the following:
1. Bind reinforcement and fibres in the composite
2. Provide a shape and surface finish to the composite product
3. Transfer stresses between among the fibres
4. Provide a barrier against an adverse environment
5. Protect the surface of fibres from mechanical abrasion
. Table 1.8 Comparison of properties with weave styles [16, 17]
Property
Plain
Basket
Twill
Satin
Leno
Mock leno
CSM
Good stability
2
4
3
4
1
3
3
Good drape
4
3
2
1
5
4
1
Low porosity
3
4
2
1
5
3
5
Smoothness
4
4
3
1
5
4
4
Balance
2
2
2
4
4
2
2
Symmetrical
1
3
3
5
5
2
3
Low crimp
4
4
3
1
2
4
5
Legend: Excellent 1; Very good 2; Average 3; Poor 4; and Very Poor 5
a
b
d
e
c
. Fig. 1.6 a Carbon tow and glass roving, b glass filaments, c woven glass fabric, d woven carbon fabric, and e glass
CSM [14]. (Image source: Woven Fabrics, 7 http://www. netcomposites. com/guide/woven-fabrics/40)
1.6 · Properties of Matrix Resins