Arora S, Rajpal A, Kazmi AA (2016) Antimicrobial activity of bacterial community for removal of
pathogens during vermifiltration. J Environ Eng 142(5):04016012
Bajsa O, Nair J, Mathew K, Ho GE (2004) Vermiculture as a tool for domestic wastewater
management. Water Sci Technol 48(11–12):125–132
Bezbaruah AN, Zhang TC (2005) Quantification of oxygen release by bulrush (Scirpus validus)
roots in a constructed treatment wetland. Biotechnol Bioeng 89(3):308–318
Bharambe G (2006) Vermifiltration of wastewater from food processing industries (brewery and
milk dairy) in Brisbane. In: 20 CP project submitted for the partial fulfillment of the degree of
Master in Environmental Engineering. School of Environmental Engineering, Griffith University, Brisbane
Bhawalkar US (1995) Vermiculture ecotechnology. Bhawalkar Earthworm Research Institute,
Pune, p 330
Bhise H, Anaokar G (2015) Design and suitability of modular vermifilter for domestic sewage
treatment. Int J 44(4):44–51
Bobade AP, Ansari KS (2016) The use of Vermifiltration in wastewater treatment: a review. J Civil
Eng Environ Technol 3(2):164–169
Borin M, Politeo M, De Stefani G (2013) Performance of a hybrid constructed wetland treating
piggery wastewater. Ecol Eng 51:229–236
Brix H, Schierup HH (1990) Soil oxygenation in constructed reed beds: the role of macrophyte and
soil-atmosphere interface oxygen transport. In: Constructed wetlands in water pollution control.
Oxford, Pergamon, pp 53–66
Caselles-Osorio A, Puigagut J, Segú E, Vaello N, Granés F, García D, García J (2007) Solids
accumulation in six full-scale subsurface flow constructed wetlands. Water Res 41
(6):1388–1398
Chen Z, Hu S, Hu C, Huang L, Liu H, Vymazal J (2016) Preliminary investigation on the effect of
earthworm and vegetation for sludge treatment in sludge treatment reed beds system. Environ
Sci Pollut Res 23(12):11957–11963
Choudhary MP, Medok P (2017) Vermifiltration: an efficient method of wastewater treatment. Inte
J Modern Trends Enging Res 4(10):189–195
Das DC, Joseph M, Varghese D (2015) Integrated microbial-vermifiltration technique for Ayurvedic industrial effluents. Int J Eng Res Gen Sci 3(4):338–346
Dash MC (1978) Role of earthworms in the decomposer system. In: Glimpses of ecology. India
International Scientific Publication, New Delhi, pp 399–406
Dhadse S, Satyanarayan S, Chaudhari PR, Wate SR (2010) Vermifilters: a tool for aerobic
biological treatment of herbal pharmaceutical wastewater. Water Sci Technol 61(9):2375–2380
Domínguez J (2004) 20 state-of-the-art and new perspectives on vermicomposting research. In:
Earthworm ecology. CRC Press, Boca Raton, pp 401–424
Edwards CA, Arancon NQ (2004) The use of earthworms in the breakdown of organic wastes to
produce vermicomposts and animal feed protein. Earthworm Ecol 2:345–380
Edwards CA, Fletcher KE (1988) Interactions between earthworms and microorganisms in organicmatter breakdown. Agric Ecosyst Environ 24(1–3):235–247
Ellis JR, McCalla TM (1978) Fate of pathogens in soils receiving animal wastes—a review. Trans
ASAE 21(2):309–0313
Garkal DJ, Mapara JV, Prabhune M (2015) Domestic waste water treatment by bio-filtration: a case
StudY. Journal Geogr Geol 4(1):799–811
Ghatnekar SD, Kavian MF, Sharma SM, Ghatnekar SS, Ghatnekar GS, Ghatnekar AV (2010)
Application of vermi-filter-based effluent treatment plant (pilot scale) for biomanagement of
liquid effluents from the gelatine industry. Dynam Soil Dynam Plant 4(1):83–88
Gogoi A, Biswas S, Bora J, Bhattacharya SS, Kumar M (2015) Effect of vermicomposting on
copper and zinc removal in activated sludge with special emphasis on temporal variation.
Ecohydrol Hydrobiol 15(2):101–107
48
A. B. Chowdhary et al.
pathogens during vermifiltration. J Environ Eng 142(5):04016012
Bajsa O, Nair J, Mathew K, Ho GE (2004) Vermiculture as a tool for domestic wastewater
management. Water Sci Technol 48(11–12):125–132
Bezbaruah AN, Zhang TC (2005) Quantification of oxygen release by bulrush (Scirpus validus)
roots in a constructed treatment wetland. Biotechnol Bioeng 89(3):308–318
Bharambe G (2006) Vermifiltration of wastewater from food processing industries (brewery and
milk dairy) in Brisbane. In: 20 CP project submitted for the partial fulfillment of the degree of
Master in Environmental Engineering. School of Environmental Engineering, Griffith University, Brisbane
Bhawalkar US (1995) Vermiculture ecotechnology. Bhawalkar Earthworm Research Institute,
Pune, p 330
Bhise H, Anaokar G (2015) Design and suitability of modular vermifilter for domestic sewage
treatment. Int J 44(4):44–51
Bobade AP, Ansari KS (2016) The use of Vermifiltration in wastewater treatment: a review. J Civil
Eng Environ Technol 3(2):164–169
Borin M, Politeo M, De Stefani G (2013) Performance of a hybrid constructed wetland treating
piggery wastewater. Ecol Eng 51:229–236
Brix H, Schierup HH (1990) Soil oxygenation in constructed reed beds: the role of macrophyte and
soil-atmosphere interface oxygen transport. In: Constructed wetlands in water pollution control.
Oxford, Pergamon, pp 53–66
Caselles-Osorio A, Puigagut J, Segú E, Vaello N, Granés F, García D, García J (2007) Solids
accumulation in six full-scale subsurface flow constructed wetlands. Water Res 41
(6):1388–1398
Chen Z, Hu S, Hu C, Huang L, Liu H, Vymazal J (2016) Preliminary investigation on the effect of
earthworm and vegetation for sludge treatment in sludge treatment reed beds system. Environ
Sci Pollut Res 23(12):11957–11963
Choudhary MP, Medok P (2017) Vermifiltration: an efficient method of wastewater treatment. Inte
J Modern Trends Enging Res 4(10):189–195
Das DC, Joseph M, Varghese D (2015) Integrated microbial-vermifiltration technique for Ayurvedic industrial effluents. Int J Eng Res Gen Sci 3(4):338–346
Dash MC (1978) Role of earthworms in the decomposer system. In: Glimpses of ecology. India
International Scientific Publication, New Delhi, pp 399–406
Dhadse S, Satyanarayan S, Chaudhari PR, Wate SR (2010) Vermifilters: a tool for aerobic
biological treatment of herbal pharmaceutical wastewater. Water Sci Technol 61(9):2375–2380
Domínguez J (2004) 20 state-of-the-art and new perspectives on vermicomposting research. In:
Earthworm ecology. CRC Press, Boca Raton, pp 401–424
Edwards CA, Arancon NQ (2004) The use of earthworms in the breakdown of organic wastes to
produce vermicomposts and animal feed protein. Earthworm Ecol 2:345–380
Edwards CA, Fletcher KE (1988) Interactions between earthworms and microorganisms in organicmatter breakdown. Agric Ecosyst Environ 24(1–3):235–247
Ellis JR, McCalla TM (1978) Fate of pathogens in soils receiving animal wastes—a review. Trans
ASAE 21(2):309–0313
Garkal DJ, Mapara JV, Prabhune M (2015) Domestic waste water treatment by bio-filtration: a case
StudY. Journal Geogr Geol 4(1):799–811
Ghatnekar SD, Kavian MF, Sharma SM, Ghatnekar SS, Ghatnekar GS, Ghatnekar AV (2010)
Application of vermi-filter-based effluent treatment plant (pilot scale) for biomanagement of
liquid effluents from the gelatine industry. Dynam Soil Dynam Plant 4(1):83–88
Gogoi A, Biswas S, Bora J, Bhattacharya SS, Kumar M (2015) Effect of vermicomposting on
copper and zinc removal in activated sludge with special emphasis on temporal variation.
Ecohydrol Hydrobiol 15(2):101–107
48
A. B. Chowdhary et al.